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05 Feb 2020 10:34:58 -0800 X-ExtLoop1: 1 X-IronPort-AV: E=Sophos;i="5.70,406,1574150400"; d="scan'208";a="404236394" Received: from schen9-desk.jf.intel.com (HELO [10.54.74.162]) ([10.54.74.162]) by orsmga005.jf.intel.com with ESMTP; 05 Feb 2020 10:34:57 -0800 From: Tim Chen Subject: [LSF/MM TOPIC] Memory cgroups, whether you like it or not To: lsf-pc@lists.linux-foundation.org, linux-mm@kvack.org Autocrypt: addr=tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com; prefer-encrypt=mutual; keydata= mQINBE6ONugBEAC1c8laQ2QrezbYFetwrzD0v8rOqanj5X1jkySQr3hm/rqVcDJudcfdSMv0 BNCCjt2dofFxVfRL0G8eQR4qoSgzDGDzoFva3NjTJ/34TlK9MMouLY7X5x3sXdZtrV4zhKGv 3Rt2osfARdH3QDoTUHujhQxlcPk7cwjTXe4o3aHIFbcIBUmxhqPaz3AMfdCqbhd7uWe9MAZX 7M9vk6PboyO4PgZRAs5lWRoD4ZfROtSViX49KEkO7BDClacVsODITpiaWtZVDxkYUX/D9OxG AkxmqrCxZxxZHDQos1SnS08aKD0QITm/LWQtwx1y0P4GGMXRlIAQE4rK69BDvzSaLB45ppOw AO7kw8aR3eu/sW8p016dx34bUFFTwbILJFvazpvRImdjmZGcTcvRd8QgmhNV5INyGwtfA8sn L4V13aZNZA9eWd+iuB8qZfoFiyAeHNWzLX/Moi8hB7LxFuEGnvbxYByRS83jsxjH2Bd49bTi XOsAY/YyGj6gl8KkjSbKOkj0IRy28nLisFdGBvgeQrvaLaA06VexptmrLjp1Qtyesw6zIJeP oHUImJltjPjFvyfkuIPfVIB87kukpB78bhSRA5mC365LsLRl+nrX7SauEo8b7MX0qbW9pg0f wsiyCCK0ioTTm4IWL2wiDB7PeiJSsViBORNKoxA093B42BWFJQARAQABtDRUaW0gQ2hlbiAo d29yayByZWxhdGVkKSA8dGltLmMuY2hlbkBsaW51eC5pbnRlbC5jb20+iQI+BBMBAgAoAhsD BgsJCAcDAgYVCAIJCgsEFgIDAQIeAQIXgAUCXFIuxAUJEYZe0wAKCRCiZ7WKota4STH3EACW 1jBRzdzEd5QeTQWrTtB0Dxs5cC8/P7gEYlYQCr3Dod8fG7UcPbY7wlZXc3vr7+A47/bSTVc0 DhUAUwJT+VBMIpKdYUbvfjmgicL9mOYW73/PHTO38BsMyoeOtuZlyoUl3yoxWmIqD4S1xV04 q5qKyTakghFa+1ZlGTAIqjIzixY0E6309spVTHoImJTkXNdDQSF0AxjW0YNejt52rkGXXSoi IgYLRb3mLJE/k1KziYtXbkgQRYssty3n731prN5XrupcS4AiZIQl6+uG7nN2DGn9ozy2dgTi smPAOFH7PKJwj8UU8HUYtX24mQA6LKRNmOgB290PvrIy89FsBot/xKT2kpSlk20Ftmke7KCa 65br/ExDzfaBKLynztcF8o72DXuJ4nS2IxfT/Zmkekvvx/s9R4kyPyebJ5IA/CH2Ez6kXIP+ q0QVS25WF21vOtK52buUgt4SeRbqSpTZc8bpBBpWQcmeJqleo19WzITojpt0JvdVNC/1H7mF 4l7og76MYSTCqIKcLzvKFeJSie50PM3IOPp4U2czSrmZURlTO0o1TRAa7Z5v/j8KxtSJKTgD lYKhR0MTIaNw3z5LPWCCYCmYfcwCsIa2vd3aZr3/Ao31ZnBuF4K2LCkZR7RQgLu+y5Tr8P7c e82t/AhTZrzQowzP0Vl6NQo8N6C2fcwjSrkCDQROjjboARAAx+LxKhznLH0RFvuBEGTcntrC 3S0tpYmVsuWbdWr2ZL9VqZmXh6UWb0K7w7OpPNW1FiaWtVLnG1nuMmBJhE5jpYsi+yU8sbMA 5BEiQn2hUo0k5eww5/oiyNI9H7vql9h628JhYd9T1CcDMghTNOKfCPNGzQ8Js33cFnszqL4I N9jh+qdg5FnMHs/+oBNtlvNjD1dQdM6gm8WLhFttXNPn7nRUPuLQxTqbuoPgoTmxUxR3/M5A KDjntKEdYZziBYfQJkvfLJdnRZnuHvXhO2EU1/7bAhdz7nULZktw9j1Sp9zRYfKRnQdIvXXa jHkOn3N41n0zjoKV1J1KpAH3UcVfOmnTj+u6iVMW5dkxLo07CddJDaayXtCBSmmd90OG0Odx cq9VaIu/DOQJ8OZU3JORiuuq40jlFsF1fy7nZSvQFsJlSmHkb+cDMZDc1yk0ko65girmNjMF hsAdVYfVsqS1TJrnengBgbPgesYO5eY0Tm3+0pa07EkONsxnzyWJDn4fh/eA6IEUo2JrOrex O6cRBNv9dwrUfJbMgzFeKdoyq/Zwe9QmdStkFpoh9036iWsj6Nt58NhXP8WDHOfBg9o86z9O VMZMC2Q0r6pGm7L0yHmPiixrxWdW0dGKvTHu/DH/ORUrjBYYeMsCc4jWoUt4Xq49LX98KDGN dhkZDGwKnAUAEQEAAYkCJQQYAQIADwIbDAUCXFIulQUJEYZenwAKCRCiZ7WKota4SYqUEACj P/GMnWbaG6s4TPM5Dg6lkiSjFLWWJi74m34I19vaX2CAJDxPXoTU6ya8KwNgXU4yhVq7TMId keQGTIw/fnCv3RLNRcTAapLarxwDPRzzq2snkZKIeNh+WcwilFjTpTRASRMRy9ehKYMq6Zh7 PXXULzxblhF60dsvi7CuRsyiYprJg0h2iZVJbCIjhumCrsLnZ531SbZpnWz6OJM9Y16+HILp iZ77miSE87+xNa5Ye1W1ASRNnTd9ftWoTgLezi0/MeZVQ4Qz2Shk0MIOu56UxBb0asIaOgRj B5RGfDpbHfjy3Ja5WBDWgUQGgLd2b5B6MVruiFjpYK5WwDGPsj0nAOoENByJ+Oa6vvP2Olkl gQzSV2zm9vjgWeWx9H+X0eq40U+ounxTLJYNoJLK3jSkguwdXOfL2/Bvj2IyU35EOC5sgO6h VRt3kA/JPvZK+6MDxXmm6R8OyohR8uM/9NCb9aDw/DnLEWcFPHfzzFFn0idp7zD5SNgAXHzV PFY6UGIm86OuPZuSG31R0AU5zvcmWCeIvhxl5ZNfmZtv5h8TgmfGAgF4PSD0x/Bq4qobcfaL ugWG5FwiybPzu2H9ZLGoaRwRmCnzblJG0pRzNaC/F+0hNf63F1iSXzIlncHZ3By15bnt5QDk l50q2K/r651xphs7CGEdKi1nU0YJVbQxJQ== Cc: Dave Hansen , Dan Williams , Huang Ying Message-ID: Date: Wed, 5 Feb 2020 10:34:57 -0800 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/68.2.2 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Bogosity: Ham, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.000000, version=1.2.4 Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: Topic: Memory cgroups, whether you like it or not 1. Memory cgroup counters scalability Recently, benchmark teams at Intel were running some bare-metal benchmarks. To our great surprise, we saw lots of memcg activity in the profiles. When we asked the benchmark team, they did not even realize they were using memory cgroups. They were fond of running all their benchmarks in containers that just happened to use memory cgroups by default. What were previously problems only for memory cgroup users are quickly becoming a problem for everyone. There are mem cgroup counters that are read in page management paths which scale poorly when read. These counters are per cpu based and need to be summed over all CPUs to get the overall value for the mem cgroup in lruvec_page_state_local function. This led to scalability problems on system with large numbers of CPUs. For example, we=E2=80=99ve= seen 14+% kernel CPU time consumed in snapshot_refaults(). We have also encountered a similar issue recently when computing the lru_size[1]. We'll like to do some brainstorming to see if there are ways to make such accounting more scalable. For example, not all usages of such counters need precise counts, and some approximate counts that ar= e updated lazily can be used. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/a64eecf1-81d4-371f-ff6d-1cb057bd091c= @linux.intel.com/=20 2. Tiered memory accounting and management Traditionally, all RAM is DRAM. Some DRAM might be closer/faster than others, but a byte of media has about the same cost whether it is close or far. But, with new memory tiers such as High-Bandwidth Memory or Persistent Memory, there is a choice between fast/expensive and slow/cheap. But, the current memory cgroups still live in the old model. There is only one set of limits, and it implies that all memory has the same cost. We would like to extend memory cgroups to comprehend different memory tiers to give users a way to choose a mix between fast/expensive and slow/cheap. We would like to propose that for systems with multiple memory tiers, We will add accounting per mem cgroup for a memory cgroup's usage of the top tier memory. Such top tier memory are precious resources, where it makes sense to impose soft limits. We can start to actively demote the top tier memory used by cgroups that exceed their allowance when the system experience memory pressure in the top tier memory. There is existing infrastructure for memory soft limit per cgroup we can leverage to implement such a scheme. We'll like to find out if this approach makes sense for people working on systems with multiple memory t= iers.