Re: [PATCH v4 0/7] use per-vma locks for /proc/pid/maps reads and PROCMAP_QUERY

[Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>]

Hi Suren,

I promised I'd share VMA merging scenarios so we can be absolutely sure we have
all cases covered, I share that below. I also included information on split.

Hopefully this is useful! And maybe we can somehow put in a comment or commit
msg or something somewhere? Not sure if a bit much for that though :)

Note that in all of the below we hold exclusive mmap, vma + rmap write locks.

## Merge with change to EXISTING VMA

### Merge both

                      start    end
                         |<---->|
                 |-------********-------|
                   prev   middle   next
                  extend  delete  delete

1. Set prev VMA range [prev->vm_start, next->vmend)
2. Overwrite prev, middle, next nodes in maple tree with prev
3. Detach middle VMA
4. Free middle VMA
5. Detach next VMA
6. Free next VMA

### Merge left full

                       start        end
                         |<--------->|
                 |-------*************
                   prev     middle
                  extend    delete

1. Set prev VMA range [prev->vm_start, end)
2. Overwrite prev, middle nodes in maple tree with prev
3. Detach middle VMA
4. Free middle VMA

### Merge left partial

                       start   end
		         |<---->|
		 |-------*************
		   prev     middle
		  extend  partial overwrite

1. Set prev VMA range [prev->vm_start, end)
2. Set middle range [end, middle->vm_end)
3. Overwrite prev, middle (partial) nodes in maple tree with prev

### Merge right full

               start        end
		 |<--------->|
		 *************-------|
		    middle     next
		    delete    extend

1. Set next range [start, next->vm_end)
2. Overwrite middle, next nodes in maple tree with next
3. Detach middle VMA
4. Free middle VMA

### Merge right partial

                   start    end
		     |<----->|
		 *************-------|
		    middle     next
		    shrink    extend

1. Set middle range [middle->vm_start, start)
2. Set next range [start, next->vm_end)
3. Overwrite middle (partial), next nodes in maple tree with next

## Merge due to introduction of proposed NEW VMA

These cases are easier as there's no existing VMA to either remove or partially
adjust.

### Merge both

                       start     end
		         |<------>|
		 |-------..........-------|
		   prev  (proposed)  next
		  extend            delete

1. Set prev VMA range [prev->vm_start, next->vm_end)
2. Overwrite prev, next nodes in maple tree with prev
3. Detach next VMA
4. Delete next VMA

### Merge left

                       start     end
		         |<------>|
		 |-------..........
		   prev  (proposed)
		  extend

1. Set prev VMA range [prev->vm_start, end)
2. Overwrite prev node in maple tree with newly extended prev

(This is what's used for brk() and bprm_mm_init() stack relocation in
relocate_vma_down() too)

### Merge right

                       start     end
		         |<------>|
		         ..........-------|
		         (proposed)  next
		                    extend

1. Set next VMA range [start, next->vm_end)
2. Overwrite next node in maple tree with newly extended next

## Split VMA

If new below:

                    addr
                |-----.-----|
                | new .     |
                |-----.-----|
                     vma
Otherwise:

                    addr
                |-----.-----|
                |     . new |
                |-----.-----|
		     vma

1. Duplicate vma
2. If new below, set new range to [vma-vm_start, addr)
3. Otherwise, set new range to [addr, vma->vm_end)
4. If new below, Set vma range to [addr, vma->vm_end)
5. Otherwise, set vma range to [vma->vm_start, addr)
6. Partially overwrite vma node in maple tree with new

Cheers, Lorenzo