From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from kanga.kvack.org (kanga.kvack.org [205.233.56.17]) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0FB83C2BA4C for ; Wed, 26 Jan 2022 19:45:25 +0000 (UTC) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) id 0FFED6B007B; Wed, 26 Jan 2022 14:45:25 -0500 (EST) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 40) id 0889B6B0080; Wed, 26 Jan 2022 14:45:25 -0500 (EST) X-Delivered-To: int-list-linux-mm@kvack.org Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 63042) id E6AB06B0082; Wed, 26 Jan 2022 14:45:24 -0500 (EST) X-Delivered-To: linux-mm@kvack.org Received: from forelay.hostedemail.com (smtprelay0144.hostedemail.com [216.40.44.144]) by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id D13216B007B for ; Wed, 26 Jan 2022 14:45:24 -0500 (EST) Received: from smtpin05.hostedemail.com (10.5.19.251.rfc1918.com [10.5.19.251]) by forelay05.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7FCDA181953F4 for ; Wed, 26 Jan 2022 19:45:24 +0000 (UTC) X-FDA: 79073467368.05.B331C79 Received: from casper.infradead.org (casper.infradead.org [90.155.50.34]) by imf28.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 97A11C0002 for ; Wed, 26 Jan 2022 19:45:23 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=infradead.org; s=casper.20170209; h=In-Reply-To:Content-Type:MIME-Version: References:Message-ID:Subject:Cc:To:From:Date:Sender:Reply-To: Content-Transfer-Encoding:Content-ID:Content-Description; bh=ACAyZTvosBZV5f3Muo3XS+bWrJuj3fQ11EBT7uBZp5w=; b=VP45iQ0ChXDykOM7S+unP06z5a oDnFAamCR+F7PiYpBDm0wtBWM/6D1KeIhAlrPAQDuwWM5jy3jtZlTXkx2/M7Bcp1Tm1AXqQtssZqT vm+O1K9e6lzmfFohVMH+Ql7sITbOnIuvT+v/1AgFVWFKKqn1LpqUVy7kjbUo7Wc7JurI5MDT5FuXm IGSPTYyLJrX8PCPJT3NMyjNWBAOLSfokfSV5At8f34dW+zJDUY/t7QX6KAqyfCb0WfMWRVNUbdGTi 1/oJyl75PcqmSdz/zRNdfrN8hYoGkSh7gVQgxcIl7Ytk7zVt3wi2cBeBjvH9q6mqgGxDFLlv/DWSK /ATx8L7Q==; Received: from willy by casper.infradead.org with local (Exim 4.94.2 #2 (Red Hat Linux)) id 1nCoEA-004NlA-QO; Wed, 26 Jan 2022 19:45:11 +0000 Date: Wed, 26 Jan 2022 19:45:10 +0000 From: Matthew Wilcox To: Pasha Tatashin Cc: LKML , linux-mm , linux-m68k@lists.linux-m68k.org, Anshuman Khandual , Andrew Morton , william.kucharski@oracle.com, Mike Kravetz , Vlastimil Babka , Geert Uytterhoeven , schmitzmic@gmail.com, Steven Rostedt , Ingo Molnar , Johannes Weiner , Roman Gushchin , Muchun Song , Wei Xu , Greg Thelen , David Rientjes , Paul Turner , Hugh Dickins Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 1/9] mm: add overflow and underflow checks for page->_refcount Message-ID: References: <20220126183429.1840447-1-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> <20220126183429.1840447-2-pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: inline In-Reply-To: X-Rspamd-Server: rspam04 X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 97A11C0002 X-Rspam-User: nil Authentication-Results: imf28.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=infradead.org header.s=casper.20170209 header.b=VP45iQ0C; dmarc=none; spf=none (imf28.hostedemail.com: domain of willy@infradead.org has no SPF policy when checking 90.155.50.34) smtp.mailfrom=willy@infradead.org X-Stat-Signature: 8oj1unx4h9fw5jfdoe1x117cpizh7ubk X-HE-Tag: 1643226323-5391 X-Bogosity: Ham, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.000000, version=1.2.4 Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 02:22:26PM -0500, Pasha Tatashin wrote: > On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 1:59 PM Matthew Wilcox wrote: > > > > On Wed, Jan 26, 2022 at 06:34:21PM +0000, Pasha Tatashin wrote: > > > The problems with page->_refcount are hard to debug, because usually > > > when they are detected, the damage has occurred a long time ago. Yet, > > > the problems with invalid page refcount may be catastrophic and lead to > > > memory corruptions. > > > > > > Reduce the scope of when the _refcount problems manifest themselves by > > > adding checks for underflows and overflows into functions that modify > > > _refcount. > > > > If you're chasing a bug like this, presumably you turn on page > > tracepoints. So could we reduce the cost of this by putting the > > VM_BUG_ON_PAGE parts into __page_ref_mod() et al? Yes, we'd need to > > change the arguments to those functions to pass in old & new, but that > > should be a cheap change compared to embedding the VM_BUG_ON_PAGE. > > This is not only about chasing a bug. This also about preventing > memory corruption and information leaking that are caused by ref_count > bugs from happening. > Several months ago a memory corruption bug was discovered by accident: > an engineer was studying a process core from a production system and > noticed that some memory does not look like it belongs to the original > process. We tried to manually reproduce that bug but failed. However, > later analysis by our team, explained that the problem occured due to > ref_count bug in Linux, and the bug itself was root caused and fixed > (mentioned in the cover letter). This work would have prevented > similar ref_count bugs from yielding to the memory corruption > situation. But the VM_BUG_ON_PAGE tells us next to nothing useful. To take your first example [1] as the kind of thing you say this is going to help fix: 1. Page p is allocated by thread a (refcount 1) 2. Thread b gets mistaken pointer to p 3. Thread b calls put_page(), __put_page(), page goes to memory allocator. 4. Thread c calls alloc_page(), also gets page p (refcount 1 again). 5. Thread a calls put_page(), __put_page() 6. Thread c calls put_page() and gets a VM_BUG_ON_PAGE. How do we find thread b's involvement? I don't think we can even see thread a's involvement in all of this! All we know is a backtrace pointing to thread c, who is a completely innocent bystander. I think you have to enable page tracepoints to have any shot at finding thread b's involvement. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/stable/20211122171825.1582436-1-gthelen@google.com/