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charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable MIME-Version: 1.0 X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-AuthAs: Internal X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-AuthSource: SJ0PR11MB5678.namprd11.prod.outlook.com X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-Network-Message-Id: 61ae37e8-891e-49b7-d9a9-08dcc00d9441 X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-originalarrivaltime: 19 Aug 2024 05:12:53.4194 (UTC) X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-fromentityheader: Hosted X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-id: 46c98d88-e344-4ed4-8496-4ed7712e255d X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-mailboxtype: HOSTED X-MS-Exchange-CrossTenant-userprincipalname: oCgK72/S43v4g558ptaNTYtpMjt+++cK05laeEFEnLbg1HHn/rD6MQ0FZKh2CGuzavwDAj3Gu7/qzLmCiFvqWPRCdgpazzkUWmLecjZ8M7I= X-MS-Exchange-Transport-CrossTenantHeadersStamped: SA2PR11MB5051 X-OriginatorOrg: intel.com X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 443AF2002C X-Rspam-User: X-Rspamd-Server: rspam05 X-Stat-Signature: hner8c6o3xz7u3yeks4j1uu9o5oag4y7 X-HE-Tag: 1724044379-605219 X-HE-Meta: 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 M8JMDMSH 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 X-Bogosity: Ham, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.000000, version=1.2.4 Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Hi Ying, > -----Original Message----- > From: Huang, Ying > Sent: Sunday, August 18, 2024 8:17 PM > To: Sridhar, Kanchana P > Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org; linux-mm@kvack.org; > hannes@cmpxchg.org; yosryahmed@google.com; nphamcs@gmail.com; > ryan.roberts@arm.com; 21cnbao@gmail.com; akpm@linux-foundation.org; > Zou, Nanhai ; Feghali, Wajdi K > ; Gopal, Vinodh > Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 0/4] mm: ZSWAP swap-out of mTHP folios >=20 > Kanchana P Sridhar writes: >=20 > [snip] >=20 > > > > Performance Testing: > > =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D > > Testing of this patch-series was done with the v6.11-rc3 mainline, with= out > > and with this patch-series, on an Intel Sapphire Rapids server, > > dual-socket 56 cores per socket, 4 IAA devices per socket. > > > > The system has 503 GiB RAM, with a 4G SSD as the backing swap device fo= r > > ZSWAP. Core frequency was fixed at 2500MHz. > > > > The vm-scalability "usemem" test was run in a cgroup whose memory.high > > was fixed. Following a similar methodology as in Ryan Roberts' > > "Swap-out mTHP without splitting" series [2], 70 usemem processes were > > run, each allocating and writing 1G of memory: > > > > usemem --init-time -w -O -n 70 1g > > > > Since I was constrained to get the 70 usemem processes to generate > > swapout activity with the 4G SSD, I ended up using different cgroup > > memory.high fixed limits for the experiments with 64K mTHP and 2M THP: > > > > 64K mTHP experiments: cgroup memory fixed at 60G > > 2M THP experiments : cgroup memory fixed at 55G > > > > The vm/sysfs stats included after the performance data provide details > > on the swapout activity to SSD/ZSWAP. > > > > Other kernel configuration parameters: > > > > ZSWAP Compressor : LZ4, DEFLATE-IAA > > ZSWAP Allocator : ZSMALLOC > > SWAP page-cluster : 2 > > > > In the experiments where "deflate-iaa" is used as the ZSWAP compressor, > > IAA "compression verification" is enabled. Hence each IAA compression > > will be decompressed internally by the "iaa_crypto" driver, the crc-s > > returned by the hardware will be compared and errors reported in case o= f > > mismatches. Thus "deflate-iaa" helps ensure better data integrity as > > compared to the software compressors. > > > > Throughput reported by usemem and perf sys time for running the test > > are as follows, averaged across 3 runs: > > > > 64KB mTHP (cgroup memory.high set to 60G): > > =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D > > ------------------------------------------------------------------ > > | | | | | > > |Kernel | mTHP SWAP-OUT | Throughput | Improvement| > > | | | KB/s | | > > |--------------------|-------------------|------------|------------| > > |v6.11-rc3 mainline | SSD | 335,346 | Baseline | > > |zswap-mTHP-Store | ZSWAP lz4 | 271,558 | -19% | >=20 > zswap throughput is worse than ssd swap? This doesn't look right. I realize it might look that way, however, this is not an apples-to-apples = comparison, as explained in the latter part of my analysis (after the 2M THP data table= s). The primary reason for this is because of running the test under a fixed cgroup memory limit. In the "Before" scenario, mTHP get swapped out to SSD. However, the disk sw= ap usage is not accounted towards checking if the cgroup's memory limit has be= en exceeded. Hence there are relatively fewer swap-outs, resulting mainly from= the 1G allocations from each of the 70 usemem processes working with a 60G memo= ry limit on the parent cgroup. However, the picture changes in the "After" scenario. mTHPs will now get st= ored in zswap, which is accounted for in the cgroup's memory.current and counts towards the fixed memory limit in effect for the parent cgroup. As a result= , when mTHP get stored in zswap, the mTHP compressed data in the zswap zpool now count towards the cgroup's active memory and memory limit. This is in addit= ion to the 1G allocations from each of the 70 processes. As you can see, this creates more memory pressure on the cgroup, resulting = in more swap-outs. With lz4 as the zswap compressor, this results in lesser th= roughput wrt "Before". However, with IAA as the zswap compressor, the throughout with zswap mTHP i= s better than "Before" because of better hardware compress latencies, which h= andle the higher swap-out activity without compromising on throughput. >=20 > > |zswap-mTHP-Store | ZSWAP deflate-iaa | 388,154 | 16% | > > |------------------------------------------------------------------| > > | | | | | > > |Kernel | mTHP SWAP-OUT | Sys time | Improvement| > > | | | sec | | > > |--------------------|-------------------|------------|------------| > > |v6.11-rc3 mainline | SSD | 91.37 | Baseline | > > |zswap-mTHP=3DStore | ZSWAP lz4 | 265.43 | -191% | > > |zswap-mTHP-Store | ZSWAP deflate-iaa | 235.60 | -158% | > > ------------------------------------------------------------------ > > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------= -- > > | VMSTATS, mTHP ZSWAP/SSD stats| v6.11-rc3 | zswap-mTHP | zswap- > mTHP | > > | | mainline | Store | Stor= e | > > | | | lz4 | deflate-ia= a | > > |---------------------------------------------------------------------= --| > > | pswpin | 0 | 0 | = 0 | > > | pswpout | 174,432 | 0 | = 0 | > > | zswpin | 703 | 534 | 72= 1 | > > | zswpout | 1,501 | 1,491,654 | 1,398,80= 5 | >=20 > It appears that the number of swapped pages for zswap is much larger > than that of SSD swap. Why? I guess this is why zswap throughput is > worse. Your observation is correct. I hope the above explanation helps as to the reasoning behind this. Thanks, Kanchana >=20 > > |---------------------------------------------------------------------= --| > > | thp_swpout | 0 | 0 | = 0 | > > | thp_swpout_fallback | 0 | 0 | = 0 | > > | pgmajfault | 3,364 | 3,650 | 3,43= 1 | > > |---------------------------------------------------------------------= --| > > | hugepages-64kB/stats/zswpout | | 63,200 | 63,24= 4 | > > |---------------------------------------------------------------------= --| > > | hugepages-64kB/stats/swpout | 10,902 | 0 | = 0 | > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------= -- > > >=20 > [snip] >=20 > -- > Best Regards, > Huang, Ying