Re: [PATCH bpf-next v3 02/17] bpf: allow attaching struct_ops to cgroups

[Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>]

On Tue, Jan 27, 2026 at 10:47 AM Roman Gushchin
<roman.gushchin@linux.dev> wrote:
>
> Introduce an ability to attach bpf struct_ops'es to cgroups.
>
> From user's standpoint it works in the following way:
> a user passes a BPF_F_CGROUP_FD flag and specifies the target cgroup

Since both fdinfo and link_info show the cgroup ID, why not use
BPF_F_CGROUP_ID for better alignment?

> fd while creating a struct_ops link. As the result, the bpf struct_ops
> link will be created and attached to a cgroup.
>
> The cgroup.bpf structure maintains a list of attached struct ops links.
> If the cgroup is getting deleted, attached struct ops'es are getting
> auto-detached and the userspace program gets a notification.
>
> This change doesn't answer the question how bpf programs belonging
> to these struct ops'es will be executed. It will be done individually
> for every bpf struct ops which supports this.
>
> Please, note that unlike "normal" bpf programs, struct ops'es
> are not propagated to cgroup sub-trees.
>
> Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
> ---
>  include/linux/bpf-cgroup-defs.h |  3 ++
>  include/linux/bpf-cgroup.h      | 16 +++++++++
>  include/linux/bpf.h             |  3 ++
>  include/uapi/linux/bpf.h        |  3 ++
>  kernel/bpf/bpf_struct_ops.c     | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
>  kernel/bpf/cgroup.c             | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h  |  1 +
>  7 files changed, 127 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/bpf-cgroup-defs.h b/include/linux/bpf-cgroup-defs.h
> index c9e6b26abab6..6c5e37190dad 100644
> --- a/include/linux/bpf-cgroup-defs.h
> +++ b/include/linux/bpf-cgroup-defs.h
> @@ -71,6 +71,9 @@ struct cgroup_bpf {
>         /* temp storage for effective prog array used by prog_attach/detach */
>         struct bpf_prog_array *inactive;
>
> +       /* list of bpf struct ops links */
> +       struct list_head struct_ops_links;
> +
>         /* reference counter used to detach bpf programs after cgroup removal */
>         struct percpu_ref refcnt;
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/bpf-cgroup.h b/include/linux/bpf-cgroup.h
> index 2f535331f926..a6c327257006 100644
> --- a/include/linux/bpf-cgroup.h
> +++ b/include/linux/bpf-cgroup.h
> @@ -423,6 +423,11 @@ int cgroup_bpf_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, struct bpf_prog *prog);
>  int cgroup_bpf_prog_query(const union bpf_attr *attr,
>                           union bpf_attr __user *uattr);
>
> +int cgroup_bpf_attach_struct_ops(struct cgroup *cgrp,
> +                                struct bpf_struct_ops_link *link);
> +void cgroup_bpf_detach_struct_ops(struct cgroup *cgrp,
> +                                 struct bpf_struct_ops_link *link);
> +
>  const struct bpf_func_proto *
>  cgroup_common_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog);
>  #else
> @@ -451,6 +456,17 @@ static inline int cgroup_bpf_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr,
>         return -EINVAL;
>  }
>
> +static inline int cgroup_bpf_attach_struct_ops(struct cgroup *cgrp,
> +                                              struct bpf_struct_ops_link *link)
> +{
> +       return -EINVAL;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void cgroup_bpf_detach_struct_ops(struct cgroup *cgrp,
> +                                               struct bpf_struct_ops_link *link)
> +{
> +}
> +
>  static inline int cgroup_bpf_prog_query(const union bpf_attr *attr,
>                                         union bpf_attr __user *uattr)
>  {
> diff --git a/include/linux/bpf.h b/include/linux/bpf.h
> index 899dd911dc82..391888eb257c 100644
> --- a/include/linux/bpf.h
> +++ b/include/linux/bpf.h
> @@ -1894,6 +1894,9 @@ struct bpf_raw_tp_link {
>  struct bpf_struct_ops_link {
>         struct bpf_link link;
>         struct bpf_map __rcu *map;
> +       struct cgroup *cgroup;
> +       bool cgroup_removed;
> +       struct list_head list;

We may need to support other structs in the future.
Could we implement a more generic solution, such as:

           int type;  // cgroup, task, etc
           void *private;  // ptr to type-specific data

-- 
Regards
Yafang