Re: [PATCH -V8 05/10] mm/migrate: demote pages during reclaim

["Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>]

Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> writes:

> On Sat, Jun 19, 2021 at 12:45 AM Huang, Ying <ying.huang@intel.com> wrote:
>>
>> Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> writes:
>>
>> > On 18 Jun 2021, at 2:15, Huang Ying wrote:
>> >
>> >> From: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
>> >>
>> >> This is mostly derived from a patch from Yang Shi:
>> >>
>> >>      https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/1560468577-101178-10-git-send-email-yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com/
>> >>
>> >> Add code to the reclaim path (shrink_page_list()) to "demote" data
>> >> to another NUMA node instead of discarding the data.  This always
>> >> avoids the cost of I/O needed to read the page back in and sometimes
>> >> avoids the writeout cost when the pagee is dirty.
>> >>
>> >> A second pass through shrink_page_list() will be made if any demotions
>> >> fail.  This essentally falls back to normal reclaim behavior in the
>> >> case that demotions fail.  Previous versions of this patch may have
>> >> simply failed to reclaim pages which were eligible for demotion but
>> >> were unable to be demoted in practice.
>> >>
>> >> Note: This just adds the start of infratructure for migration. It is
>> >> actually disabled next to the FIXME in migrate_demote_page_ok().
>> >>
>> >> Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
>> >> Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
>> >> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
>> >> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com>
>> >> Cc: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
>> >> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
>> >> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
>> >> Cc: osalvador <osalvador@suse.de>
>> >>
>> >> --
>> >> changes from 20210122:
>> >>  * move from GFP_HIGHUSER -> GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE (Ying)
>> >>
>> >> changes from 202010:
>> >>  * add MR_NUMA_MISPLACED to trace MIGRATE_REASON define
>> >>  * make migrate_demote_page_ok() static, remove 'sc' arg until
>> >>    later patch
>> >>  * remove unnecessary alloc_demote_page() hugetlb warning
>> >>  * Simplify alloc_demote_page() gfp mask.  Depend on
>> >>    __GFP_NORETRY to make it lightweight instead of fancier
>> >>    stuff like leaving out __GFP_IO/FS.
>> >>  * Allocate migration page with alloc_migration_target()
>> >>    instead of allocating directly.
>> >> changes from 20200730:
>> >>  * Add another pass through shrink_page_list() when demotion
>> >>    fails.
>> >> changes from 20210302:
>> >>  * Use __GFP_THISNODE and revise the comment explaining the
>> >>    GFP mask constructionn
>> >> ---
>> >>  include/linux/migrate.h        |  9 ++++
>> >>  include/trace/events/migrate.h |  3 +-
>> >>  mm/vmscan.c                    | 83 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>> >>  3 files changed, 94 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>> >>
>> >> diff --git a/include/linux/migrate.h b/include/linux/migrate.h
>> >> index 4a49bb358787..42952cbe452b 100644
>> >> --- a/include/linux/migrate.h
>> >> +++ b/include/linux/migrate.h
>> >> @@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ enum migrate_reason {
>> >>      MR_NUMA_MISPLACED,
>> >>      MR_CONTIG_RANGE,
>> >>      MR_LONGTERM_PIN,
>> >> +    MR_DEMOTION,
>> >>      MR_TYPES
>> >>  };
>> >>
>> >> @@ -191,6 +192,14 @@ struct migrate_vma {
>> >>  int migrate_vma_setup(struct migrate_vma *args);
>> >>  void migrate_vma_pages(struct migrate_vma *migrate);
>> >>  void migrate_vma_finalize(struct migrate_vma *migrate);
>> >> +int next_demotion_node(int node);
>> >> +
>> >> +#else /* CONFIG_MIGRATION disabled: */
>> >> +
>> >> +static inline int next_demotion_node(int node)
>> >> +{
>> >> +    return NUMA_NO_NODE;
>> >> +}
>> >>
>> >>  #endif /* CONFIG_MIGRATION */
>> >>
>> >> diff --git a/include/trace/events/migrate.h b/include/trace/events/migrate.h
>> >> index 9fb2a3bbcdfb..779f3fad9ecd 100644
>> >> --- a/include/trace/events/migrate.h
>> >> +++ b/include/trace/events/migrate.h
>> >> @@ -21,7 +21,8 @@
>> >>      EM( MR_MEMPOLICY_MBIND, "mempolicy_mbind")              \
>> >>      EM( MR_NUMA_MISPLACED,  "numa_misplaced")               \
>> >>      EM( MR_CONTIG_RANGE,    "contig_range")                 \
>> >> -    EMe(MR_LONGTERM_PIN,    "longterm_pin")
>> >> +    EM( MR_LONGTERM_PIN,    "longterm_pin")                 \
>> >> +    EMe(MR_DEMOTION,        "demotion")
>> >>
>> >>  /*
>> >>   * First define the enums in the above macros to be exported to userspace
>> >> diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
>> >> index 5199b9696bab..ddda32031f0c 100644
>> >> --- a/mm/vmscan.c
>> >> +++ b/mm/vmscan.c
>> >> @@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
>> >>  #include <linux/kthread.h>
>> >>  #include <linux/freezer.h>
>> >>  #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
>> >> +#include <linux/migrate.h>
>> >>  #include <linux/delayacct.h>
>> >>  #include <linux/sysctl.h>
>> >>  #include <linux/oom.h>
>> >> @@ -1231,6 +1232,23 @@ static enum page_references page_check_references(struct page *page,
>> >>      return PAGEREF_RECLAIM;
>> >>  }
>> >>
>> >> +static bool migrate_demote_page_ok(struct page *page)
>> >> +{
>> >> +    int next_nid = next_demotion_node(page_to_nid(page));
>> >> +
>> >> +    VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
>> >> +    VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageHuge(page), page);
>> >> +    VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(page), page);
>> >> +
>> >> +    if (next_nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
>> >> +            return false;
>> >> +    if (PageTransHuge(page) && !thp_migration_supported())
>> >> +            return false;
>> >> +
>> >> +    // FIXME: actually enable this later in the series
>> >> +    return false;
>> >> +}
>> >> +
>> >>  /* Check if a page is dirty or under writeback */
>> >>  static void page_check_dirty_writeback(struct page *page,
>> >>                                     bool *dirty, bool *writeback)
>> >> @@ -1261,6 +1279,47 @@ static void page_check_dirty_writeback(struct page *page,
>> >>              mapping->a_ops->is_dirty_writeback(page, dirty, writeback);
>> >>  }
>> >>
>> >> +static struct page *alloc_demote_page(struct page *page, unsigned long node)
>> >> +{
>> >> +    struct migration_target_control mtc = {
>> >> +            /*
>> >> +             * Allocate from 'node', or fail the quickly and quietly.
>> >> +             * When this happens, 'page; will likely just be discarded
>> >> +             * instead of migrated.
>> >> +             */
>> >> +            .gfp_mask = (GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE & ~__GFP_RECLAIM) |
>> >> +                        __GFP_THISNODE  | __GFP_NOWARN |
>> >> +                        __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | GFP_NOWAIT,
>> >> +            .nid = node
>> >> +    };
>> >> +
>> >> +    return alloc_migration_target(page, (unsigned long)&mtc);
>> >> +}
>> >> +
>> >> +/*
>> >> + * Take pages on @demote_list and attempt to demote them to
>> >> + * another node.  Pages which are not demoted are left on
>> >> + * @demote_pages.
>> >> + */
>> >> +static unsigned int demote_page_list(struct list_head *demote_pages,
>> >> +                                 struct pglist_data *pgdat,
>> >> +                                 struct scan_control *sc)
>> >> +{
>> >> +    int target_nid = next_demotion_node(pgdat->node_id);
>> >> +    unsigned int nr_succeeded = 0;
>> >> +    int err;
>> >> +
>> >> +    if (list_empty(demote_pages))
>> >> +            return 0;
>> >> +
>> >> +    /* Demotion ignores all cpuset and mempolicy settings */
>> >> +    err = migrate_pages(demote_pages, alloc_demote_page, NULL,
>> >> +                        target_nid, MIGRATE_ASYNC, MR_DEMOTION,
>> >> +                        &nr_succeeded);
>> >> +
>> >> +    return nr_succeeded;
>> >> +}
>> >> +
>> >>  /*
>> >>   * shrink_page_list() returns the number of reclaimed pages
>> >>   */
>> >> @@ -1272,12 +1331,15 @@ static unsigned int shrink_page_list(struct list_head *page_list,
>> >>  {
>> >>      LIST_HEAD(ret_pages);
>> >>      LIST_HEAD(free_pages);
>> >> +    LIST_HEAD(demote_pages);
>> >>      unsigned int nr_reclaimed = 0;
>> >>      unsigned int pgactivate = 0;
>> >> +    bool do_demote_pass = true;
>> >>
>> >>      memset(stat, 0, sizeof(*stat));
>> >>      cond_resched();
>> >>
>> >> +retry:
>> >>      while (!list_empty(page_list)) {
>> >>              struct address_space *mapping;
>> >>              struct page *page;
>> >> @@ -1426,6 +1488,16 @@ static unsigned int shrink_page_list(struct list_head *page_list,
>> >>                      ; /* try to reclaim the page below */
>> >>              }
>> >>
>> >> +            /*
>> >> +             * Before reclaiming the page, try to relocate
>> >> +             * its contents to another node.
>> >> +             */
>> >> +            if (do_demote_pass && migrate_demote_page_ok(page)) {
>> >> +                    list_add(&page->lru, &demote_pages);
>> >> +                    unlock_page(page);
>> >> +                    continue;
>> >> +            }
>> >> +
>> >>              /*
>> >>               * Anonymous process memory has backing store?
>> >>               * Try to allocate it some swap space here.
>> >> @@ -1676,6 +1748,17 @@ static unsigned int shrink_page_list(struct list_head *page_list,
>> >>              list_add(&page->lru, &ret_pages);
>> >>              VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageLRU(page) || PageUnevictable(page), page);
>> >>      }
>> >> +    /* 'page_list' is always empty here */
>> >> +
>> >> +    /* Migrate pages selected for demotion */
>> >> +    nr_reclaimed += demote_page_list(&demote_pages, pgdat, sc);
>> >> +    /* Pages that could not be demoted are still in @demote_pages */
>> >> +    if (!list_empty(&demote_pages)) {
>> >> +            /* Pages which failed to demoted go back on @page_list for retry: */
>> >> +            list_splice_init(&demote_pages, page_list);
>> >> +            do_demote_pass = false;
>> >> +            goto retry;
>> >> +    }
>> >>
>> >>      pgactivate = stat->nr_activate[0] + stat->nr_activate[1];
>> >>
>> >> --
>> >> 2.30.2
>> >
>> > shrink_page_list() is also used by reclaim_pages(), which is called by
>> > madvise(MADV_PAGEOUT). This patch changes the semantics of madvise(MADV_PAGEOUT)
>> > from “reclaim a given range of pages” to migrate the given pages to lower
>> > tier memory or reclaim them if the migration fails. You might want to check
>> > the caller of shrink_page_list() to avoid changing madvise(MADV_PAGEOUT)
>> > semantics.
>>
>> Thanks for pointing this out!
>>
>> Literally, PAGEOUT means writing the page to the disk instead of
>> migrating pages to the lower tier.  So it seems reasonable to make it
>> keep the original behavior instead of demoting even if in the tiered
>> memory system.
>>
>> If nobody objects, I will change this in the next version.
>
> I don't have a strong opinion on this. But I just thought why not let
> PAGEOUT do demotion if tier'ed memory is available and the "migration
> in lieu of discard" behavior is opt'ed in by a knob and we keep the
> consistency between passive reclaim and proactive reclaim.

I thought about that too.  Considering the kernel API naming, is it
better to define MADV_PAGEOUT as writing to disk, and MADV_COLD as
demoting to the lower tier if enabled.

Best Regards,
Huang, Ying