From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from kanga.kvack.org (kanga.kvack.org [205.233.56.17]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id C2DA2F364B2 for ; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 18:47:21 +0000 (UTC) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) id 383EE6B0005; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 14:47:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 40) id 334BD6B0089; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 14:47:21 -0400 (EDT) X-Delivered-To: int-list-linux-mm@kvack.org Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 63042) id 223736B008A; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 14:47:21 -0400 (EDT) X-Delivered-To: linux-mm@kvack.org Received: from relay.hostedemail.com (smtprelay0012.hostedemail.com [216.40.44.12]) by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0CA306B0005 for ; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 14:47:21 -0400 (EDT) Received: from smtpin27.hostedemail.com (a10.router.float.18 [10.200.18.1]) by unirelay01.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 8CC93E0437 for ; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 18:47:20 +0000 (UTC) X-FDA: 84639900240.27.F54FEE4 Received: from sea.source.kernel.org (sea.source.kernel.org [172.234.252.31]) by imf26.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id AC9F614000D for ; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 18:47:18 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: imf26.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b=owuKJyaN; spf=pass (imf26.hostedemail.com: domain of david@kernel.org designates 172.234.252.31 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=david@kernel.org; dmarc=pass (policy=quarantine) header.from=kernel.org ARC-Seal: i=1; s=arc-20220608; d=hostedemail.com; t=1775760438; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=0qhFMZ4H+vNn+TzsAT1o16kb4uNTRF/BxEWNWeNmfCQUoPgARUJlVHR5l857MwicmU4Fq0 b2fZjM6wuAQi3ozd19Kz7P3zPT5t/mt/UkZGVj7+kvKik3TkzYkBeki7b2UwAFsuOnLy+9 gs/bYMy/4qGwfbnvi0w+4/yr0cuPkMk= ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=hostedemail.com; s=arc-20220608; t=1775760438; h=from:from:sender:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date: message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version: content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references:dkim-signature; bh=svwTgNryibsq3/lIE0D/EnOaofZtSlowFyi6XV26Xfo=; b=VmNsBQmSBfFXsf0FDFbS4YSITyb9jNDJGN0o673O0A5q1Ra8O49/tZGK/MFTrft0/LErFK QDFMFCWiQvpzrugOnP5oSVZCDuiSTxpPgdZoDYy/uzH1n7dvhqhMB0FuoeBKDjjaetmcWf BFReBRTQEgmfqqf/VNHG2kiB8YA3jB8= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; imf26.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b=owuKJyaN; spf=pass (imf26.hostedemail.com: domain of david@kernel.org designates 172.234.252.31 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=david@kernel.org; dmarc=pass (policy=quarantine) header.from=kernel.org Received: from smtp.kernel.org (transwarp.subspace.kernel.org [100.75.92.58]) by sea.source.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9F0C843E5F; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 18:47:17 +0000 (UTC) Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 375EBC4CEF7; Thu, 9 Apr 2026 18:47:09 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=kernel.org; s=k20201202; t=1775760437; bh=wN7F9fKA4JbTA7CrHbrx+JQKhgCNMy1dmZE3mrBVygs=; h=Date:Subject:To:Cc:References:From:In-Reply-To:From; b=owuKJyaNvfKZGn7M9p437+zqIiaBIW/76VhQXhB5XG4mopCJ0v7M3eZfMO8GBmg4f pXYEKtK3X6JByMf6/K5Kz4GQmE3fVh5OnPMmfyV7O1rfWrQ5escXD9UKfMdeyIeMnD bIMM5TfxCVqRqvluSTqQ6SpTcfaJO5JrfXsW4cOEyX5aeol6ot1VhTjo+Nip2jz0jS pBBBkfb6T5o49dZPSNnXXTPmS2C9nqAenKbw78Z7/IwAHi+MHWMGeVdkEbcNBxGLT8 Jb4NiKlMCy/tNQn4pL68drhnCCPrmlLiwBFNQFhUGtc31v/H9nCrk309ydrD3oAUvt QJOtzGeE1OjZA== Message-ID: <4edea589-26b0-486a-9703-3b8c2d528a42@kernel.org> Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2026 20:47:07 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH 0/5] Separate compound page from folio To: Zi Yan Cc: Jason Gunthorpe , Matthew Wilcox , Alistair Popple , Balbir Singh , Andrew Morton , Lorenzo Stoakes , "Liam R. Howlett" , Vlastimil Babka , Mike Rapoport , Suren Baghdasaryan , Michal Hocko , Jens Axboe , Baolin Wang , Nico Pache , Ryan Roberts , Dev Jain , Barry Song , Lance Yang , Muchun Song , Oscar Salvador , Brendan Jackman , Johannes Weiner , linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, io-uring@vger.kernel.org References: <20260130034818.472804-1-ziy@nvidia.com> <3C342301-A8E4-4EC4-BB9E-9C8246F8D6F7@nvidia.com> From: "David Hildenbrand (Arm)" Content-Language: en-US Autocrypt: addr=david@kernel.org; keydata= xsFNBFXLn5EBEAC+zYvAFJxCBY9Tr1xZgcESmxVNI/0ffzE/ZQOiHJl6mGkmA1R7/uUpiCjJ dBrn+lhhOYjjNefFQou6478faXE6o2AhmebqT4KiQoUQFV4R7y1KMEKoSyy8hQaK1umALTdL QZLQMzNE74ap+GDK0wnacPQFpcG1AE9RMq3aeErY5tujekBS32jfC/7AnH7I0v1v1TbbK3Gp XNeiN4QroO+5qaSr0ID2sz5jtBLRb15RMre27E1ImpaIv2Jw8NJgW0k/D1RyKCwaTsgRdwuK Kx/Y91XuSBdz0uOyU/S8kM1+ag0wvsGlpBVxRR/xw/E8M7TEwuCZQArqqTCmkG6HGcXFT0V9 PXFNNgV5jXMQRwU0O/ztJIQqsE5LsUomE//bLwzj9IVsaQpKDqW6TAPjcdBDPLHvriq7kGjt WhVhdl0qEYB8lkBEU7V2Yb+SYhmhpDrti9Fq1EsmhiHSkxJcGREoMK/63r9WLZYI3+4W2rAc UucZa4OT27U5ZISjNg3Ev0rxU5UH2/pT4wJCfxwocmqaRr6UYmrtZmND89X0KigoFD/XSeVv jwBRNjPAubK9/k5NoRrYqztM9W6sJqrH8+UWZ1Idd/DdmogJh0gNC0+N42Za9yBRURfIdKSb B3JfpUqcWwE7vUaYrHG1nw54pLUoPG6sAA7Mehl3nd4pZUALHwARAQABzS5EYXZpZCBIaWxk ZW5icmFuZCAoQ3VycmVudCkgPGRhdmlkQGtlcm5lbC5vcmc+wsGQBBMBCAA6AhsDBQkmWAik AgsJBBUKCQgCFgICHgUCF4AWIQQb2cqtc1xMOkYN/MpN3hD3AP+DWgUCaYJt/AIZAQAKCRBN 3hD3AP+DWriiD/9BLGEKG+N8L2AXhikJg6YmXom9ytRwPqDgpHpVg2xdhopoWdMRXjzOrIKD g4LSnFaKneQD0hZhoArEeamG5tyo32xoRsPwkbpIzL0OKSZ8G6mVbFGpjmyDLQCAxteXCLXz ZI0VbsuJKelYnKcXWOIndOrNRvE5eoOfTt2XfBnAapxMYY2IsV+qaUXlO63GgfIOg8RBaj7x 3NxkI3rV0SHhI4GU9K6jCvGghxeS1QX6L/XI9mfAYaIwGy5B68kF26piAVYv/QZDEVIpo3t7 /fjSpxKT8plJH6rhhR0epy8dWRHk3qT5tk2P85twasdloWtkMZ7FsCJRKWscm1BLpsDn6EQ4 jeMHECiY9kGKKi8dQpv3FRyo2QApZ49NNDbwcR0ZndK0XFo15iH708H5Qja/8TuXCwnPWAcJ DQoNIDFyaxe26Rx3ZwUkRALa3iPcVjE0//TrQ4KnFf+lMBSrS33xDDBfevW9+Dk6IISmDH1R HFq2jpkN+FX/PE8eVhV68B2DsAPZ5rUwyCKUXPTJ/irrCCmAAb5Jpv11S7hUSpqtM/6oVESC 3z/7CzrVtRODzLtNgV4r5EI+wAv/3PgJLlMwgJM90Fb3CB2IgbxhjvmB1WNdvXACVydx55V7 LPPKodSTF29rlnQAf9HLgCphuuSrrPn5VQDaYZl4N/7zc2wcWM7BTQRVy5+RARAA59fefSDR 9nMGCb9LbMX+TFAoIQo/wgP5XPyzLYakO+94GrgfZjfhdaxPXMsl2+o8jhp/hlIzG56taNdt VZtPp3ih1AgbR8rHgXw1xwOpuAd5lE1qNd54ndHuADO9a9A0vPimIes78Hi1/yy+ZEEvRkHk /kDa6F3AtTc1m4rbbOk2fiKzzsE9YXweFjQvl9p+AMw6qd/iC4lUk9g0+FQXNdRs+o4o6Qvy iOQJfGQ4UcBuOy1IrkJrd8qq5jet1fcM2j4QvsW8CLDWZS1L7kZ5gT5EycMKxUWb8LuRjxzZ 3QY1aQH2kkzn6acigU3HLtgFyV1gBNV44ehjgvJpRY2cC8VhanTx0dZ9mj1YKIky5N+C0f21 zvntBqcxV0+3p8MrxRRcgEtDZNav+xAoT3G0W4SahAaUTWXpsZoOecwtxi74CyneQNPTDjNg azHmvpdBVEfj7k3p4dmJp5i0U66Onmf6mMFpArvBRSMOKU9DlAzMi4IvhiNWjKVaIE2Se9BY FdKVAJaZq85P2y20ZBd08ILnKcj7XKZkLU5FkoA0udEBvQ0f9QLNyyy3DZMCQWcwRuj1m73D sq8DEFBdZ5eEkj1dCyx+t/ga6x2rHyc8Sl86oK1tvAkwBNsfKou3v+jP/l14a7DGBvrmlYjO 59o3t6inu6H7pt7OL6u6BQj7DoMAEQEAAcLBfAQYAQgAJgIbDBYhBBvZyq1zXEw6Rg38yk3e EPcA/4NaBQJonNqrBQkmWAihAAoJEE3eEPcA/4NaKtMQALAJ8PzprBEXbXcEXwDKQu+P/vts IfUb1UNMfMV76BicGa5NCZnJNQASDP/+bFg6O3gx5NbhHHPeaWz/VxlOmYHokHodOvtL0WCC 8A5PEP8tOk6029Z+J+xUcMrJClNVFpzVvOpb1lCbhjwAV465Hy+NUSbbUiRxdzNQtLtgZzOV Zw7jxUCs4UUZLQTCuBpFgb15bBxYZ/BL9MbzxPxvfUQIPbnzQMcqtpUs21CMK2PdfCh5c4gS sDci6D5/ZIBw94UQWmGpM/O1ilGXde2ZzzGYl64glmccD8e87OnEgKnH3FbnJnT4iJchtSvx yJNi1+t0+qDti4m88+/9IuPqCKb6Stl+s2dnLtJNrjXBGJtsQG/sRpqsJz5x1/2nPJSRMsx9 5YfqbdrJSOFXDzZ8/r82HgQEtUvlSXNaXCa95ez0UkOG7+bDm2b3s0XahBQeLVCH0mw3RAQg r7xDAYKIrAwfHHmMTnBQDPJwVqxJjVNr7yBic4yfzVWGCGNE4DnOW0vcIeoyhy9vnIa3w1uZ 3iyY2Nsd7JxfKu1PRhCGwXzRw5TlfEsoRI7V9A8isUCoqE2Dzh3FvYHVeX4Us+bRL/oqareJ CIFqgYMyvHj7Q06kTKmauOe4Nf0l0qEkIuIzfoLJ3qr5UyXc2hLtWyT9Ir+lYlX9efqh7mOY qIws/H2t In-Reply-To: <3C342301-A8E4-4EC4-BB9E-9C8246F8D6F7@nvidia.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspam-User: X-Rspamd-Server: rspam11 X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: AC9F614000D X-Stat-Signature: rjhsqrqo86m65fd4sqi7sk3hwooqzuk7 X-HE-Tag: 1775760438-913794 X-HE-Meta: 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 1bl1uDTR h3xQq2XZ7xvPmJuWMLkqD5GHYQpYqNfAT7U1o4iSWLKYmevF6WOZ1W50bDAprh6vWra+Sixr6cNmV6eQkYlXo8p9s2XN6w36/trriaXQ6PbaDnRXMexRsFhnwqNQlEl9oOII3oBUv5DQaqttU428opAQ6kH45kBl5Uq3UheDrQJ8dhpKRGo0NGpNZ3JXN+2S0LQ04t0ISVTt3CCijujvSGXtT4rGlbNehoOtoJNZ7WwikoGycMBcZZgnE4swMUwgFFxoQsqERjSHU3s7BQNJ5JLx/L74VVtFc3zU+ Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Sorry for the late reply on this. >> As discussed, the issue is still that interpret non-folio page >> allocations as folios, which can also be compound pages. >> >> Now, there are PFN walkers that do that, but also page table handling code. >> >> Most prominently, when mapping such pages through vm_insert_pages(), we >> will call into folio_add_file_rmap_pte() and essentially touch mapcount >> related stuff. >> >> Once in the page tables, users can GUP them and modify the pincount. >> Other page table walkers can just similarly find them and look them up. >> >> To stop messing with mapcounts is easy once we can reliably identify >> such pages when mapping/unmapping them. > > My current way of doing that is to mark every page “NotRmappable” page_type > in post_alloc_hook() and clear this page_type at page_rmappable_folio(). > Any user wants to set their own page_type can overwrite “NotRmappable”. > And folio_test_rmappable() is just !folio_has_type(). One exception > is hugetlb, since it has page_type and is rmappable. Fortunately or > unfortunately, rmap.c has special handling code for hugetlb, so there > should be no problem. > > I did some test using io_uring (via nvim), which uses compound page instead of > folio and does vm_insert*(). At least no crash was present. > We discussed that in the meantime elsewhere. :) >> >> GUP and other page table walkers are more problematic and need more >> thought (and work :( ). >> >> Essentially, vm_normal_folio() would have to fail on these pages. But >> what to do about vm_normal_page() users? The page_folio() would have to >> fail. But then we must keep some page table walkers working. >> >> And we have to figure out what to do with GUP. > > Since _pincount will not be present after my change, GUP cannot be applied > on these pages. > > OK, my memory comes back. I think my original proposal of separating > compound page from folio might not be right, since that defeats the > purpose of folio, which is a group of pages managed as a whole. > > Basically a compound page should still be regarded as a folio, but rmappable > related fields (e.g., _large_mapcount, _nr_pages_mapped, _mm_ids) > should not be initialized and user is free to use them differently. > In this way, _pincount can be a common folio field to initialize and use. At least long term a non-folio page should not be regarded a folio. There are quite some changes required to teach page table walkers (incl. GUP) about that. In GUP code, we would not mess with the _pincount for non-folio things. It will be a bit tricky. Handling the rmap (skip it) as a first step might be easier. > >> >> So compound pages are just the tip of the iceberg :) >> >> >> We could maybe forbid mapping them through vm_insert_pages() in the >> first place, requiring all callers to do order-0 page allocations. Hm. >> >> Then at least they would not end up in user page tables. > > Will it kill performance? If only order-0 pages are allowed. I don't think this is really performance-relevant for the vm_insert_pages() interface. We never get PMD-THPs either way. But yea, if we could keep that compound pages working that would also make our life easier. > >> >> But there is other code where compound pages are interpreted as folios >> and the other way around that must be sorted out. > > I think we might want to have some sub-class of folios, like rmappable folios, > not rmappable folios, and others, otherwise, we are going back > to mixing page and folio. I think it's pretty clear that a folio will be mappable. If you want something that is not mappable, then you shouldn't be allcoating a folio that carries metadata for storing all that information. -- Cheers, David