[PATCH v2 0/2] mm: Fix bug affecting swapping in MTE tagged pages

[PATCH v2 0/2] mm: Fix bug affecting swapping in MTE tagged pages

[Peter Collingbourne]

This patch series reworks the logic that handles swapping in page
metadata to fix a reported bug [1] where metadata can sometimes not
be swapped in correctly after commit c145e0b47c77 ("mm: streamline COW
logic in do_swap_page()").

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/5050805753ac469e8d727c797c2218a9d780d434.camel@mediatek.com/

v2:
- Call arch_swap_restore() directly instead of via arch_do_swap_page()

Peter Collingbourne (2):
  mm: Call arch_swap_restore() from do_swap_page()
  arm64: mte: Simplify swap tag restoration logic and fix uninitialized
    tag issue

 arch/arm64/include/asm/mte.h     |  4 ++--
 arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h | 14 ++------------
 arch/arm64/kernel/mte.c          | 32 +++-----------------------------
 arch/arm64/mm/mteswap.c          |  7 +++----
 mm/memory.c                      |  7 +++++++
 5 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-)

-- 
2.40.1.606.ga4b1b128d6-goog

[PATCH v2 1/2] mm: Call arch_swap_restore() from do_swap_page()

[Peter Collingbourne]

Commit c145e0b47c77 ("mm: streamline COW logic in do_swap_page()") moved
the call to swap_free() before the call to set_pte_at(), which meant that
the MTE tags could end up being freed before set_pte_at() had a chance
to restore them. Fix it by adding a call to the arch_swap_restore() hook
before the call to swap_free().

Signed-off-by: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
Link: https://linux-review.googlesource.com/id/I6470efa669e8bd2f841049b8c61020c510678965
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 6.1
Fixes: c145e0b47c77 ("mm: streamline COW logic in do_swap_page()")
Reported-by: Qun-wei Lin (林群崴) <Qun-wei.Lin@mediatek.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/5050805753ac469e8d727c797c2218a9d780d434.camel@mediatek.com/
---
v2:
- Call arch_swap_restore() directly instead of via arch_do_swap_page()

 mm/memory.c | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 01a23ad48a04..a2d9e6952d31 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -3914,6 +3914,13 @@ vm_fault_t do_swap_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
 		}
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Some architectures may have to restore extra metadata to the page
+	 * when reading from swap. This metadata may be indexed by swap entry
+	 * so this must be called before swap_free().
+	 */
+	arch_swap_restore(entry, folio);
+
 	/*
 	 * Remove the swap entry and conditionally try to free up the swapcache.
 	 * We're already holding a reference on the page but haven't mapped it
-- 
2.40.1.606.ga4b1b128d6-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] mm: Call arch_swap_restore() from do_swap_page()

[David Hildenbrand]

On 16.05.23 04:35, Peter Collingbourne wrote:
> Commit c145e0b47c77 ("mm: streamline COW logic in do_swap_page()") moved
> the call to swap_free() before the call to set_pte_at(), which meant that
> the MTE tags could end up being freed before set_pte_at() had a chance
> to restore them. Fix it by adding a call to the arch_swap_restore() hook
> before the call to swap_free().
> 
> Signed-off-by: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
> Link: https://linux-review.googlesource.com/id/I6470efa669e8bd2f841049b8c61020c510678965
> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 6.1
> Fixes: c145e0b47c77 ("mm: streamline COW logic in do_swap_page()")
> Reported-by: Qun-wei Lin (林群崴) <Qun-wei.Lin@mediatek.com>
> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/5050805753ac469e8d727c797c2218a9d780d434.camel@mediatek.com/
> ---
> v2:
> - Call arch_swap_restore() directly instead of via arch_do_swap_page()
> 
>   mm/memory.c | 7 +++++++
>   1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
> index 01a23ad48a04..a2d9e6952d31 100644
> --- a/mm/memory.c
> +++ b/mm/memory.c
> @@ -3914,6 +3914,13 @@ vm_fault_t do_swap_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
>   		}
>   	}
>   
> +	/*
> +	 * Some architectures may have to restore extra metadata to the page
> +	 * when reading from swap. This metadata may be indexed by swap entry
> +	 * so this must be called before swap_free().
> +	 */
> +	arch_swap_restore(entry, folio);
> +
>   	/*
>   	 * Remove the swap entry and conditionally try to free up the swapcache.
>   	 * We're already holding a reference on the page but haven't mapped it

Looks much better to me, thanks :)

... staring at unuse_pte(), I suspect it also doesn't take care of MTE 
tags and needs fixing?

-- 
Thanks,

David / dhildenb

Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] mm: Call arch_swap_restore() from do_swap_page()

[Peter Collingbourne]

On Tue, May 16, 2023 at 5:49 AM David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> wrote:
>
> On 16.05.23 04:35, Peter Collingbourne wrote:
> > Commit c145e0b47c77 ("mm: streamline COW logic in do_swap_page()") moved
> > the call to swap_free() before the call to set_pte_at(), which meant that
> > the MTE tags could end up being freed before set_pte_at() had a chance
> > to restore them. Fix it by adding a call to the arch_swap_restore() hook
> > before the call to swap_free().
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
> > Link: https://linux-review.googlesource.com/id/I6470efa669e8bd2f841049b8c61020c510678965
> > Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 6.1
> > Fixes: c145e0b47c77 ("mm: streamline COW logic in do_swap_page()")
> > Reported-by: Qun-wei Lin (林群崴) <Qun-wei.Lin@mediatek.com>
> > Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/5050805753ac469e8d727c797c2218a9d780d434.camel@mediatek.com/
> > ---
> > v2:
> > - Call arch_swap_restore() directly instead of via arch_do_swap_page()
> >
> >   mm/memory.c | 7 +++++++
> >   1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)
> >
> > diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
> > index 01a23ad48a04..a2d9e6952d31 100644
> > --- a/mm/memory.c
> > +++ b/mm/memory.c
> > @@ -3914,6 +3914,13 @@ vm_fault_t do_swap_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
> >               }
> >       }
> >
> > +     /*
> > +      * Some architectures may have to restore extra metadata to the page
> > +      * when reading from swap. This metadata may be indexed by swap entry
> > +      * so this must be called before swap_free().
> > +      */
> > +     arch_swap_restore(entry, folio);
> > +
> >       /*
> >        * Remove the swap entry and conditionally try to free up the swapcache.
> >        * We're already holding a reference on the page but haven't mapped it
>
> Looks much better to me, thanks :)
>
> ... staring at unuse_pte(), I suspect it also doesn't take care of MTE
> tags and needs fixing?

Nice catch, I've fixed it in v3.

I don't think there are any other cases like this. I looked for code
that decrements the MM_SWAPENTS counter and we're already covering all
of them.

Peter

[PATCH v2 2/2] arm64: mte: Simplify swap tag restoration logic and fix uninitialized tag issue

[Peter Collingbourne]

As a result of the previous two patches, there are no circumstances
in which a swapped-in page is installed in a page table without first
having arch_swap_restore() called on it. Therefore, we no longer need
the logic in set_pte_at() that restores the tags, so remove it.

Because we can now rely on the page being locked, we no longer need to
handle the case where a page is having its tags restored by multiple tasks
concurrently, so we can slightly simplify the logic in mte_restore_tags().

This patch also fixes an issue where a page can have PG_mte_tagged set
with uninitialized tags. The issue is that the mte_sync_page_tags()
function sets PG_mte_tagged if it initializes page tags. Then we
return to mte_sync_tags(), which sets PG_mte_tagged again. At best,
this is redundant. However, it is possible for mte_sync_page_tags()
to return without having initialized tags for the page, i.e. in the
case where check_swap is true (non-compound page), is_swap_pte(old_pte)
is false and pte_is_tagged is false. So at worst, we set PG_mte_tagged
on a page with uninitialized tags. This can happen if, for example,
page migration causes a PTE for an untagged page to be replaced. If the
userspace program subsequently uses mprotect() to enable PROT_MTE for
that page, the uninitialized tags will be exposed to userspace.

Signed-off-by: Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
Link: https://linux-review.googlesource.com/id/I8ad54476f3b2d0144ccd8ce0c1d7a2963e5ff6f3
Fixes: e059853d14ca ("arm64: mte: Fix/clarify the PG_mte_tagged semantics")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 6.1
---
The Fixes: tag (and the commit message in general) are written assuming
that this patch is landed in a maintainer tree instead of
"arm64: mte: Do not set PG_mte_tagged if tags were not initialized".

 arch/arm64/include/asm/mte.h     |  4 ++--
 arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h | 14 ++------------
 arch/arm64/kernel/mte.c          | 32 +++-----------------------------
 arch/arm64/mm/mteswap.c          |  7 +++----
 4 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/mte.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/mte.h
index 20dd06d70af5..dfea486a6a85 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/mte.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/mte.h
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ static inline bool try_page_mte_tagging(struct page *page)
 }
 
 void mte_zero_clear_page_tags(void *addr);
-void mte_sync_tags(pte_t old_pte, pte_t pte);
+void mte_sync_tags(pte_t pte);
 void mte_copy_page_tags(void *kto, const void *kfrom);
 void mte_thread_init_user(void);
 void mte_thread_switch(struct task_struct *next);
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ static inline bool try_page_mte_tagging(struct page *page)
 static inline void mte_zero_clear_page_tags(void *addr)
 {
 }
-static inline void mte_sync_tags(pte_t old_pte, pte_t pte)
+static inline void mte_sync_tags(pte_t pte)
 {
 }
 static inline void mte_copy_page_tags(void *kto, const void *kfrom)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
index b6ba466e2e8a..efdf48392026 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
@@ -337,18 +337,8 @@ static inline void __set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
 	 * don't expose tags (instruction fetches don't check tags).
 	 */
 	if (system_supports_mte() && pte_access_permitted(pte, false) &&
-	    !pte_special(pte)) {
-		pte_t old_pte = READ_ONCE(*ptep);
-		/*
-		 * We only need to synchronise if the new PTE has tags enabled
-		 * or if swapping in (in which case another mapping may have
-		 * set tags in the past even if this PTE isn't tagged).
-		 * (!pte_none() && !pte_present()) is an open coded version of
-		 * is_swap_pte()
-		 */
-		if (pte_tagged(pte) || (!pte_none(old_pte) && !pte_present(old_pte)))
-			mte_sync_tags(old_pte, pte);
-	}
+	    !pte_special(pte) && pte_tagged(pte))
+		mte_sync_tags(pte);
 
 	__check_safe_pte_update(mm, ptep, pte);
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/mte.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/mte.c
index f5bcb0dc6267..c40728046fed 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/mte.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/mte.c
@@ -35,41 +35,15 @@ DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(mte_async_or_asymm_mode);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mte_async_or_asymm_mode);
 #endif
 
-static void mte_sync_page_tags(struct page *page, pte_t old_pte,
-			       bool check_swap, bool pte_is_tagged)
-{
-	if (check_swap && is_swap_pte(old_pte)) {
-		swp_entry_t entry = pte_to_swp_entry(old_pte);
-
-		if (!non_swap_entry(entry))
-			mte_restore_tags(entry, page);
-	}
-
-	if (!pte_is_tagged)
-		return;
-
-	if (try_page_mte_tagging(page)) {
-		mte_clear_page_tags(page_address(page));
-		set_page_mte_tagged(page);
-	}
-}
-
-void mte_sync_tags(pte_t old_pte, pte_t pte)
+void mte_sync_tags(pte_t pte)
 {
 	struct page *page = pte_page(pte);
 	long i, nr_pages = compound_nr(page);
-	bool check_swap = nr_pages == 1;
-	bool pte_is_tagged = pte_tagged(pte);
-
-	/* Early out if there's nothing to do */
-	if (!check_swap && !pte_is_tagged)
-		return;
 
 	/* if PG_mte_tagged is set, tags have already been initialised */
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++, page++) {
-		if (!page_mte_tagged(page)) {
-			mte_sync_page_tags(page, old_pte, check_swap,
-					   pte_is_tagged);
+		if (try_page_mte_tagging(page)) {
+			mte_clear_page_tags(page_address(page));
 			set_page_mte_tagged(page);
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/mteswap.c b/arch/arm64/mm/mteswap.c
index cd508ba80ab1..3a78bf1b1364 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/mm/mteswap.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/mteswap.c
@@ -53,10 +53,9 @@ void mte_restore_tags(swp_entry_t entry, struct page *page)
 	if (!tags)
 		return;
 
-	if (try_page_mte_tagging(page)) {
-		mte_restore_page_tags(page_address(page), tags);
-		set_page_mte_tagged(page);
-	}
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(!try_page_mte_tagging(page));
+	mte_restore_page_tags(page_address(page), tags);
+	set_page_mte_tagged(page);
 }
 
 void mte_invalidate_tags(int type, pgoff_t offset)
-- 
2.40.1.606.ga4b1b128d6-goog