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[123.194.188.82]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id d9443c01a7336-2a9521f8cb6sm101205775ad.79.2026.02.09.00.13.28 (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 bits=256/256); Mon, 09 Feb 2026 00:13:29 -0800 (PST) From: Min-Hsun Chang To: corbet@lwn.net, akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Min-Hsun Chang Subject: [PATCH] Docs/mm: fix typos and grammar in page_tables.rst Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2026 16:13:23 +0800 Message-ID: <20260209081323.68339-1-chmh0624@gmail.com> X-Mailer: git-send-email 2.50.1 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Rspamd-Server: rspam10 X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 9A8941C000D X-Stat-Signature: y7483ya6ahgpzjmucxw7q1qnbgwpkb4c X-Rspam-User: X-HE-Tag: 1770624811-816514 X-HE-Meta: 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 T7fXHKt6 Yap3zqnltCgN4l+4XguUf6k1pRhIoersQRp2q+dcFnSYJ7a8drySCUyqtWgFGrFITLPXuSoAn/co02KSxzq5m1XUjbO7rR7ZJoIuDR2AQxUCUXV4wNi5OyUs2JszRpeG523A87ZdDA0/bUl/Lxd08so23LrbcHhGTFlw5c9q4/T4T786Kk+k0gbcQ9KnSS17NuoE64FOUHwKMbFbVEmJRuckCpjmheAN4vZUSQBP29EODS3itFaYg4FOMfqUxs/t5Tf78J1MaX/c/y7VyPd4wi20sjE40JjY6wbiY/m50J7kHEsweGzL58BFBXZLsj0JzUcz18PS5Tywi5KzLXRrh99kByIlFXE6r2MuaL7npsJ4RUOWNG1vEBSKBgeIRELtS/fkEC/BuHl5N5GxjaEloatVF8GDtXjv0qtEEIJ+QtAz5jRGHWyggHfiqAtx4itRzLkXVueIYVONsJsWFFd+/Lg4f9inNADOZpUX1XKaJNOYhxoY= X-Bogosity: Ham, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.000000, version=1.2.4 Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: Correct several spelling and grammatical errors in the page tables documentation. This includes: - Fixing "a address" to "an address" - Fixing "pfs" to "pfns" - Correcting the possessive "Torvald's" to "Torvalds'" - Fixing "instruction that want" to "instruction that wants" - Fixing "code path" to "code paths" Signed-off-by: Min-Hsun Chang --- Documentation/mm/page_tables.rst | 12 ++++++------ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/mm/page_tables.rst b/Documentation/mm/page_tables.rst index e7c69cc32493..d5a2c37b05e4 100644 --- a/Documentation/mm/page_tables.rst +++ b/Documentation/mm/page_tables.rst @@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ Physical memory address 0 will be *pfn 0* and the highest pfn will be the last page of physical memory the external address bus of the CPU can address. -With a page granularity of 4KB and a address range of 32 bits, pfn 0 is at +With a page granularity of 4KB and an address range of 32 bits, pfn 0 is at address 0x00000000, pfn 1 is at address 0x00001000, pfn 2 is at 0x00002000 -and so on until we reach pfn 0xfffff at 0xfffff000. With 16KB pages pfs are +and so on until we reach pfn 0xfffff at 0xfffff000. With 16KB pages pfns are at 0x00004000, 0x00008000 ... 0xffffc000 and pfn goes from 0 to 0x3ffff. As you can see, with 4KB pages the page base address uses bits 12-31 of the @@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ address, and this is why `PAGE_SHIFT` in this case is defined as 12 and Over time a deeper hierarchy has been developed in response to increasing memory sizes. When Linux was created, 4KB pages and a single page table called `swapper_pg_dir` with 1024 entries was used, covering 4MB which coincided with -the fact that Torvald's first computer had 4MB of physical memory. Entries in -this single table were referred to as *PTE*:s - page table entries. +the fact that Torvalds' first computer had 4MB of physical memory. Entries in +this single table were referred to as *PTEs* - page table entries. The software page table hierarchy reflects the fact that page table hardware has become hierarchical and that in turn is done to save page table memory and @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ threshold. Additionally, page faults may be also caused by code bugs or by maliciously crafted addresses that the CPU is instructed to access. A thread of a process could use instructions to address (non-shared) memory which does not belong to -its own address space, or could try to execute an instruction that want to write +its own address space, or could try to execute an instruction that wants to write to a read-only location. If the above-mentioned conditions happen in user-space, the kernel sends a @@ -277,5 +277,5 @@ To conclude this high altitude view of how Linux handles page faults, let's add that the page faults handler can be disabled and enabled respectively with `pagefault_disable()` and `pagefault_enable()`. -Several code path make use of the latter two functions because they need to +Several code paths make use of the latter two functions because they need to disable traps into the page faults handler, mostly to prevent deadlocks. -- 2.50.1