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From: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
To: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org, hannes@cmpxchg.org, hughd@google.com,
	yosry.ahmed@linux.dev, mhocko@kernel.org,
	roman.gushchin@linux.dev, shakeel.butt@linux.dev,
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	lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com, christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu,
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	zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Subject: [PATCH v3 17/20] swapfile: remove zeromap bitmap
Date: Sun,  8 Feb 2026 13:58:30 -0800	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20260208215839.87595-18-nphamcs@gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20260208215839.87595-1-nphamcs@gmail.com>

Zero swap entries are now treated as a separate, decoupled backend in
the virtual swap layer. The zeromap bitmap of physical swapfile is no
longer used - remove it. This does not have any behavioral change, and
save 1 bit per swap page in terms of memory overhead.

Signed-off-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
---
 include/linux/swap.h |  1 -
 mm/swapfile.c        | 30 +++++-------------------------
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/swap.h b/include/linux/swap.h
index 54df972608047..9cd45eab313f8 100644
--- a/include/linux/swap.h
+++ b/include/linux/swap.h
@@ -260,7 +260,6 @@ struct swap_info_struct {
 	signed char	type;		/* strange name for an index */
 	unsigned int	max;		/* extent of the swap_map */
 	unsigned char *swap_map;	/* vmalloc'ed array of usage counts */
-	unsigned long *zeromap;		/* kvmalloc'ed bitmap to track zero pages */
 	struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info; /* cluster info. Only for SSD */
 	struct list_head free_clusters; /* free clusters list */
 	struct list_head full_clusters; /* full clusters list */
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index 1aa29dd220f9a..e1cb01b821ff3 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -2317,8 +2317,7 @@ static int setup_swap_extents(struct swap_info_struct *sis, sector_t *span)
 
 static void setup_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si, int prio,
 			    unsigned char *swap_map,
-			    struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info,
-			    unsigned long *zeromap)
+			    struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info)
 {
 	si->prio = prio;
 	/*
@@ -2329,7 +2328,6 @@ static void setup_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si, int prio,
 	si->avail_list.prio = -si->prio;
 	si->swap_map = swap_map;
 	si->cluster_info = cluster_info;
-	si->zeromap = zeromap;
 }
 
 static void _enable_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si)
@@ -2347,12 +2345,11 @@ static void _enable_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si)
 
 static void enable_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si, int prio,
 				unsigned char *swap_map,
-				struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info,
-				unsigned long *zeromap)
+				struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info)
 {
 	spin_lock(&swap_lock);
 	spin_lock(&si->lock);
-	setup_swap_info(si, prio, swap_map, cluster_info, zeromap);
+	setup_swap_info(si, prio, swap_map, cluster_info);
 	spin_unlock(&si->lock);
 	spin_unlock(&swap_lock);
 	/*
@@ -2370,7 +2367,7 @@ static void reinsert_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si)
 {
 	spin_lock(&swap_lock);
 	spin_lock(&si->lock);
-	setup_swap_info(si, si->prio, si->swap_map, si->cluster_info, si->zeromap);
+	setup_swap_info(si, si->prio, si->swap_map, si->cluster_info);
 	_enable_swap_info(si);
 	spin_unlock(&si->lock);
 	spin_unlock(&swap_lock);
@@ -2441,7 +2438,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE1(swapoff, const char __user *, specialfile)
 {
 	struct swap_info_struct *p = NULL;
 	unsigned char *swap_map;
-	unsigned long *zeromap;
 	struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info;
 	struct file *swap_file, *victim;
 	struct address_space *mapping;
@@ -2536,8 +2532,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE1(swapoff, const char __user *, specialfile)
 	p->swap_file = NULL;
 	swap_map = p->swap_map;
 	p->swap_map = NULL;
-	zeromap = p->zeromap;
-	p->zeromap = NULL;
 	maxpages = p->max;
 	cluster_info = p->cluster_info;
 	p->max = 0;
@@ -2549,7 +2543,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE1(swapoff, const char __user *, specialfile)
 	kfree(p->global_cluster);
 	p->global_cluster = NULL;
 	vfree(swap_map);
-	kvfree(zeromap);
 	free_cluster_info(cluster_info, maxpages);
 
 	inode = mapping->host;
@@ -3013,7 +3006,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(swapon, const char __user *, specialfile, int, swap_flags)
 	sector_t span;
 	unsigned long maxpages;
 	unsigned char *swap_map = NULL;
-	unsigned long *zeromap = NULL;
 	struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info = NULL;
 	struct folio *folio = NULL;
 	struct inode *inode = NULL;
@@ -3119,17 +3111,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(swapon, const char __user *, specialfile, int, swap_flags)
 	if (error)
 		goto bad_swap_unlock_inode;
 
-	/*
-	 * Use kvmalloc_array instead of bitmap_zalloc as the allocation order might
-	 * be above MAX_PAGE_ORDER incase of a large swap file.
-	 */
-	zeromap = kvmalloc_array(BITS_TO_LONGS(maxpages), sizeof(long),
-				    GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
-	if (!zeromap) {
-		error = -ENOMEM;
-		goto bad_swap_unlock_inode;
-	}
-
 	if (si->bdev && bdev_stable_writes(si->bdev))
 		si->flags |= SWP_STABLE_WRITES;
 
@@ -3196,7 +3177,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(swapon, const char __user *, specialfile, int, swap_flags)
 	prio = DEF_SWAP_PRIO;
 	if (swap_flags & SWAP_FLAG_PREFER)
 		prio = swap_flags & SWAP_FLAG_PRIO_MASK;
-	enable_swap_info(si, prio, swap_map, cluster_info, zeromap);
+	enable_swap_info(si, prio, swap_map, cluster_info);
 
 	pr_info("Adding %uk swap on %s.  Priority:%d extents:%d across:%lluk %s%s%s%s\n",
 		K(si->pages), name->name, si->prio, nr_extents,
@@ -3224,7 +3205,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(swapon, const char __user *, specialfile, int, swap_flags)
 	si->flags = 0;
 	spin_unlock(&swap_lock);
 	vfree(swap_map);
-	kvfree(zeromap);
 	if (cluster_info)
 		free_cluster_info(cluster_info, maxpages);
 	if (inced_nr_rotate_swap)
-- 
2.47.3



  parent reply	other threads:[~2026-02-08 21:59 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 52+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2026-02-08 21:58 [PATCH v3 00/20] Virtual Swap Space Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 01/20] mm/swap: decouple swap cache from physical swap infrastructure Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 22:26   ` [PATCH v3 00/20] Virtual Swap Space Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 17:59     ` Kairui Song
2026-02-10 18:52       ` Johannes Weiner
2026-02-10 19:11       ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 19:23         ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-12  5:07         ` Chris Li
2026-02-17 23:36         ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 21:58       ` Chris Li
2026-02-20 21:05       ` [PATCH] vswap: fix poor batching behavior of vswap free path Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 22:31   ` [PATCH v3 00/20] Virtual Swap Space Nhat Pham
2026-02-09 12:20     ` Chris Li
2026-02-10  2:36       ` Johannes Weiner
2026-02-10 21:24         ` Chris Li
2026-02-10 23:01           ` Johannes Weiner
2026-02-10 18:00       ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 23:17         ` Chris Li
2026-02-08 22:39   ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-09  2:22   ` [PATCH v3 01/20] mm/swap: decouple swap cache from physical swap infrastructure kernel test robot
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 02/20] swap: rearrange the swap header file Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 03/20] mm: swap: add an abstract API for locking out swapoff Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 04/20] zswap: add new helpers for zswap entry operations Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 05/20] mm/swap: add a new function to check if a swap entry is in swap cached Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 06/20] mm: swap: add a separate type for physical swap slots Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 07/20] mm: create scaffolds for the new virtual swap implementation Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 08/20] zswap: prepare zswap for swap virtualization Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 09/20] mm: swap: allocate a virtual swap slot for each swapped out page Nhat Pham
2026-02-09 17:12   ` kernel test robot
2026-02-11 13:42   ` kernel test robot
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 10/20] swap: move swap cache to virtual swap descriptor Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 11/20] zswap: move zswap entry management to the " Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 12/20] swap: implement the swap_cgroup API using virtual swap Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 13/20] swap: manage swap entry lifecycle at the virtual swap layer Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 14/20] mm: swap: decouple virtual swap slot from backing store Nhat Pham
2026-02-10  6:31   ` Dan Carpenter
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 15/20] zswap: do not start zswap shrinker if there is no physical swap slots Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 16/20] swap: do not unnecesarily pin readahead swap entries Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` Nhat Pham [this message]
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 18/20] memcg: swap: only charge physical swap slots Nhat Pham
2026-02-09  2:01   ` kernel test robot
2026-02-09  2:12   ` kernel test robot
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 19/20] swap: simplify swapoff using virtual swap Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 20/20] swapfile: replace the swap map with bitmaps Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 22:51 ` [PATCH v3 00/20] Virtual Swap Space Nhat Pham
2026-02-12 12:23   ` David Hildenbrand (Arm)
2026-02-12 17:29     ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-12 17:39       ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-12 20:11         ` David Hildenbrand (Arm)
2026-02-12 17:41       ` David Hildenbrand (Arm)
2026-02-12 17:45         ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 15:45 ` [syzbot ci] " syzbot ci

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