From: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
To: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org, hannes@cmpxchg.org, hughd@google.com,
yosry.ahmed@linux.dev, mhocko@kernel.org,
roman.gushchin@linux.dev, shakeel.butt@linux.dev,
muchun.song@linux.dev, len.brown@intel.com,
chengming.zhou@linux.dev, kasong@tencent.com, chrisl@kernel.org,
huang.ying.caritas@gmail.com, ryan.roberts@arm.com,
shikemeng@huaweicloud.com, viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk,
baohua@kernel.org, bhe@redhat.com, osalvador@suse.de,
lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com, christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu,
pavel@kernel.org, kernel-team@meta.com,
linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, cgroups@vger.kernel.org,
linux-pm@vger.kernel.org, peterx@redhat.com, riel@surriel.com,
joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com, npache@redhat.com, gourry@gourry.net,
axelrasmussen@google.com, yuanchu@google.com, weixugc@google.com,
rafael@kernel.org, jannh@google.com, pfalcato@suse.de,
zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com
Subject: [PATCH v3 17/20] swapfile: remove zeromap bitmap
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2026 13:58:30 -0800 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20260208215839.87595-18-nphamcs@gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20260208215839.87595-1-nphamcs@gmail.com>
Zero swap entries are now treated as a separate, decoupled backend in
the virtual swap layer. The zeromap bitmap of physical swapfile is no
longer used - remove it. This does not have any behavioral change, and
save 1 bit per swap page in terms of memory overhead.
Signed-off-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
---
include/linux/swap.h | 1 -
mm/swapfile.c | 30 +++++-------------------------
2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/swap.h b/include/linux/swap.h
index 54df972608047..9cd45eab313f8 100644
--- a/include/linux/swap.h
+++ b/include/linux/swap.h
@@ -260,7 +260,6 @@ struct swap_info_struct {
signed char type; /* strange name for an index */
unsigned int max; /* extent of the swap_map */
unsigned char *swap_map; /* vmalloc'ed array of usage counts */
- unsigned long *zeromap; /* kvmalloc'ed bitmap to track zero pages */
struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info; /* cluster info. Only for SSD */
struct list_head free_clusters; /* free clusters list */
struct list_head full_clusters; /* full clusters list */
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index 1aa29dd220f9a..e1cb01b821ff3 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -2317,8 +2317,7 @@ static int setup_swap_extents(struct swap_info_struct *sis, sector_t *span)
static void setup_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si, int prio,
unsigned char *swap_map,
- struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info,
- unsigned long *zeromap)
+ struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info)
{
si->prio = prio;
/*
@@ -2329,7 +2328,6 @@ static void setup_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si, int prio,
si->avail_list.prio = -si->prio;
si->swap_map = swap_map;
si->cluster_info = cluster_info;
- si->zeromap = zeromap;
}
static void _enable_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si)
@@ -2347,12 +2345,11 @@ static void _enable_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si)
static void enable_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si, int prio,
unsigned char *swap_map,
- struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info,
- unsigned long *zeromap)
+ struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info)
{
spin_lock(&swap_lock);
spin_lock(&si->lock);
- setup_swap_info(si, prio, swap_map, cluster_info, zeromap);
+ setup_swap_info(si, prio, swap_map, cluster_info);
spin_unlock(&si->lock);
spin_unlock(&swap_lock);
/*
@@ -2370,7 +2367,7 @@ static void reinsert_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *si)
{
spin_lock(&swap_lock);
spin_lock(&si->lock);
- setup_swap_info(si, si->prio, si->swap_map, si->cluster_info, si->zeromap);
+ setup_swap_info(si, si->prio, si->swap_map, si->cluster_info);
_enable_swap_info(si);
spin_unlock(&si->lock);
spin_unlock(&swap_lock);
@@ -2441,7 +2438,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE1(swapoff, const char __user *, specialfile)
{
struct swap_info_struct *p = NULL;
unsigned char *swap_map;
- unsigned long *zeromap;
struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info;
struct file *swap_file, *victim;
struct address_space *mapping;
@@ -2536,8 +2532,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE1(swapoff, const char __user *, specialfile)
p->swap_file = NULL;
swap_map = p->swap_map;
p->swap_map = NULL;
- zeromap = p->zeromap;
- p->zeromap = NULL;
maxpages = p->max;
cluster_info = p->cluster_info;
p->max = 0;
@@ -2549,7 +2543,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE1(swapoff, const char __user *, specialfile)
kfree(p->global_cluster);
p->global_cluster = NULL;
vfree(swap_map);
- kvfree(zeromap);
free_cluster_info(cluster_info, maxpages);
inode = mapping->host;
@@ -3013,7 +3006,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(swapon, const char __user *, specialfile, int, swap_flags)
sector_t span;
unsigned long maxpages;
unsigned char *swap_map = NULL;
- unsigned long *zeromap = NULL;
struct swap_cluster_info *cluster_info = NULL;
struct folio *folio = NULL;
struct inode *inode = NULL;
@@ -3119,17 +3111,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(swapon, const char __user *, specialfile, int, swap_flags)
if (error)
goto bad_swap_unlock_inode;
- /*
- * Use kvmalloc_array instead of bitmap_zalloc as the allocation order might
- * be above MAX_PAGE_ORDER incase of a large swap file.
- */
- zeromap = kvmalloc_array(BITS_TO_LONGS(maxpages), sizeof(long),
- GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
- if (!zeromap) {
- error = -ENOMEM;
- goto bad_swap_unlock_inode;
- }
-
if (si->bdev && bdev_stable_writes(si->bdev))
si->flags |= SWP_STABLE_WRITES;
@@ -3196,7 +3177,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(swapon, const char __user *, specialfile, int, swap_flags)
prio = DEF_SWAP_PRIO;
if (swap_flags & SWAP_FLAG_PREFER)
prio = swap_flags & SWAP_FLAG_PRIO_MASK;
- enable_swap_info(si, prio, swap_map, cluster_info, zeromap);
+ enable_swap_info(si, prio, swap_map, cluster_info);
pr_info("Adding %uk swap on %s. Priority:%d extents:%d across:%lluk %s%s%s%s\n",
K(si->pages), name->name, si->prio, nr_extents,
@@ -3224,7 +3205,6 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(swapon, const char __user *, specialfile, int, swap_flags)
si->flags = 0;
spin_unlock(&swap_lock);
vfree(swap_map);
- kvfree(zeromap);
if (cluster_info)
free_cluster_info(cluster_info, maxpages);
if (inced_nr_rotate_swap)
--
2.47.3
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-02-08 21:59 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 52+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-02-08 21:58 [PATCH v3 00/20] Virtual Swap Space Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 01/20] mm/swap: decouple swap cache from physical swap infrastructure Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 22:26 ` [PATCH v3 00/20] Virtual Swap Space Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 17:59 ` Kairui Song
2026-02-10 18:52 ` Johannes Weiner
2026-02-10 19:11 ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 19:23 ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-12 5:07 ` Chris Li
2026-02-17 23:36 ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 21:58 ` Chris Li
2026-02-20 21:05 ` [PATCH] vswap: fix poor batching behavior of vswap free path Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 22:31 ` [PATCH v3 00/20] Virtual Swap Space Nhat Pham
2026-02-09 12:20 ` Chris Li
2026-02-10 2:36 ` Johannes Weiner
2026-02-10 21:24 ` Chris Li
2026-02-10 23:01 ` Johannes Weiner
2026-02-10 18:00 ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 23:17 ` Chris Li
2026-02-08 22:39 ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-09 2:22 ` [PATCH v3 01/20] mm/swap: decouple swap cache from physical swap infrastructure kernel test robot
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 02/20] swap: rearrange the swap header file Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 03/20] mm: swap: add an abstract API for locking out swapoff Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 04/20] zswap: add new helpers for zswap entry operations Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 05/20] mm/swap: add a new function to check if a swap entry is in swap cached Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 06/20] mm: swap: add a separate type for physical swap slots Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 07/20] mm: create scaffolds for the new virtual swap implementation Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 08/20] zswap: prepare zswap for swap virtualization Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 09/20] mm: swap: allocate a virtual swap slot for each swapped out page Nhat Pham
2026-02-09 17:12 ` kernel test robot
2026-02-11 13:42 ` kernel test robot
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 10/20] swap: move swap cache to virtual swap descriptor Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 11/20] zswap: move zswap entry management to the " Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 12/20] swap: implement the swap_cgroup API using virtual swap Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 13/20] swap: manage swap entry lifecycle at the virtual swap layer Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 14/20] mm: swap: decouple virtual swap slot from backing store Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 6:31 ` Dan Carpenter
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 15/20] zswap: do not start zswap shrinker if there is no physical swap slots Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 16/20] swap: do not unnecesarily pin readahead swap entries Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` Nhat Pham [this message]
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 18/20] memcg: swap: only charge physical swap slots Nhat Pham
2026-02-09 2:01 ` kernel test robot
2026-02-09 2:12 ` kernel test robot
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 19/20] swap: simplify swapoff using virtual swap Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 21:58 ` [PATCH v3 20/20] swapfile: replace the swap map with bitmaps Nhat Pham
2026-02-08 22:51 ` [PATCH v3 00/20] Virtual Swap Space Nhat Pham
2026-02-12 12:23 ` David Hildenbrand (Arm)
2026-02-12 17:29 ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-12 17:39 ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-12 20:11 ` David Hildenbrand (Arm)
2026-02-12 17:41 ` David Hildenbrand (Arm)
2026-02-12 17:45 ` Nhat Pham
2026-02-10 15:45 ` [syzbot ci] " syzbot ci
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