* Re: [PATCH v2] binfmt_elf: Allow .bss in any interp PT_LOAD [not found] <20221111061315.gonna.703-kees@kernel.org> @ 2022-11-11 7:42 ` Fangrui Song 2022-11-11 20:13 ` Kees Cook 0 siblings, 1 reply; 3+ messages in thread From: Fangrui Song @ 2022-11-11 7:42 UTC (permalink / raw) To: Kees Cook Cc: Pedro Falcato, Rich Felker, Alexander Viro, Eric Biederman, sam, linux-fsdevel, linux-mm, linux-kernel, linux-hardening (+ sam@gentoo.org from Pedro Falcato's patch) On 2022-11-10, Kees Cook wrote: >Traditionally, only the final PT_LOAD for load_elf_interp() supported >having p_memsz > p_filesz. Recently, lld's construction of musl's >libc.so on PowerPC64 started having two PT_LOAD program headers with >p_memsz > p_filesz. > >As the least invasive change possible, check for p_memsz > p_filesz for >each PT_LOAD in load_elf_interp. > >Reported-by: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> >Link: https://maskray.me/blog/2022-11-05-lld-musl-powerpc64 >Cc: Pedro Falcato <pedro.falcato@gmail.com> >Cc: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com> >Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> >Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> >Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org >Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org >Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> >--- >v2: I realized we need to retain the final padding call. >v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-hardening/20221111055747.never.202-kees@kernel.org/ >--- > fs/binfmt_elf.c | 18 ++++++++++++++---- > 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) > >diff --git a/fs/binfmt_elf.c b/fs/binfmt_elf.c >index 528e2ac8931f..0a24bbbef1d6 100644 >--- a/fs/binfmt_elf.c >+++ b/fs/binfmt_elf.c >@@ -673,15 +673,25 @@ static unsigned long load_elf_interp(struct elfhdr *interp_elf_ex, > last_bss = k; > bss_prot = elf_prot; > } >+ >+ /* >+ * Clear any p_memsz > p_filesz area up to the end >+ * of the page to wipe anything left over from the >+ * loaded file contents. >+ */ >+ if (last_bss > elf_bss && padzero(elf_bss)) Missing { But after fixing this, I get a musl ld.so error. >+ error = -EFAULT; >+ goto out; >+ } > } > } > > /* >- * Now fill out the bss section: first pad the last page from >- * the file up to the page boundary, and zero it from elf_bss >- * up to the end of the page. >+ * Finally, pad the last page from the file up to the page boundary, >+ * and zero it from elf_bss up to the end of the page, if this did >+ * not already happen with the last PT_LOAD. > */ >- if (padzero(elf_bss)) { >+ if (last_bss == elf_bss && padzero(elf_bss)) { > error = -EFAULT; > goto out; > } >-- >2.34.1 > I added a new section to https://maskray.me/blog/2022-11-05-lld-musl-powerpc64 Copying here: To test that the kernel ELF loader can handle more RW `PT_LOAD` program headers, we can create an executable with more RW `PT_LOAD` program headers with `p_filesz < p_memsz`. We can place a read-only section after `.bss` followed by a `SHT_NOBITS` `SHF_ALLOC|SHF_WRITE` section. The read-only section will form a read-only `PT_LOAD` while the RW section will form a RW `PT_LOAD`. ```text #--- a.c #include <assert.h> #include <stdio.h> extern const char toc[]; char nobits0[0] __attribute__((section(".nobits0"))); char nobits1[0] __attribute__((section(".nobits1"))); int main(void) { assert(toc[4096-1] == 0); for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) assert(nobits0[i] == 0); nobits0[0] = nobits0[1024-1] = 1; for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++) assert(nobits1[i] == 0); nobits1[0] = nobits1[4096-1] = 1; puts("hello"); } #--- toc.s .section .toc,"aw",@nobits .globl toc toc: .space 4096 .section .ro0,"a"; .byte 255 .section .nobits0,"aw",@nobits; .space 1024 .section .ro1,"a"; .byte 255 .section .nobits1,"aw",@nobits; .space 4096 #--- a.lds SECTIONS { .ro0 : {} .nobits0 : {} .ro1 : {} .nobits1 : {} } INSERT AFTER .bss; ``` ```sh split-file a.txt a path/to/musl-gcc -Wl,--dynamic-linker=/lib/libc.so a/a.c a/a.lds -o toy ``` split-file is a utility in llvm-project. ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 3+ messages in thread
* Re: [PATCH v2] binfmt_elf: Allow .bss in any interp PT_LOAD 2022-11-11 7:42 ` [PATCH v2] binfmt_elf: Allow .bss in any interp PT_LOAD Fangrui Song @ 2022-11-11 20:13 ` Kees Cook 2022-11-11 20:27 ` Fangrui Song 0 siblings, 1 reply; 3+ messages in thread From: Kees Cook @ 2022-11-11 20:13 UTC (permalink / raw) To: Fangrui Song Cc: Pedro Falcato, Rich Felker, Alexander Viro, Eric Biederman, sam, linux-fsdevel, linux-mm, linux-kernel, linux-hardening On Thu, Nov 10, 2022 at 11:42:34PM -0800, Fangrui Song wrote: > (+ sam@gentoo.org from Pedro Falcato's patch) > > On 2022-11-10, Kees Cook wrote: > > Traditionally, only the final PT_LOAD for load_elf_interp() supported > > having p_memsz > p_filesz. Recently, lld's construction of musl's > > libc.so on PowerPC64 started having two PT_LOAD program headers with > > p_memsz > p_filesz. > > > > As the least invasive change possible, check for p_memsz > p_filesz for > > each PT_LOAD in load_elf_interp. > > > > Reported-by: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> > > Link: https://maskray.me/blog/2022-11-05-lld-musl-powerpc64 > > Cc: Pedro Falcato <pedro.falcato@gmail.com> > > Cc: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com> > > Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> > > Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> > > Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org > > Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org > > Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> > > --- > > v2: I realized we need to retain the final padding call. > > v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-hardening/20221111055747.never.202-kees@kernel.org/ > > --- > > fs/binfmt_elf.c | 18 ++++++++++++++---- > > 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) > > > > diff --git a/fs/binfmt_elf.c b/fs/binfmt_elf.c > > index 528e2ac8931f..0a24bbbef1d6 100644 > > --- a/fs/binfmt_elf.c > > +++ b/fs/binfmt_elf.c > > @@ -673,15 +673,25 @@ static unsigned long load_elf_interp(struct elfhdr *interp_elf_ex, > > last_bss = k; > > bss_prot = elf_prot; > > } > > + > > + /* > > + * Clear any p_memsz > p_filesz area up to the end > > + * of the page to wipe anything left over from the > > + * loaded file contents. > > + */ > > + if (last_bss > elf_bss && padzero(elf_bss)) > > Missing { > > But after fixing this, I get a musl ld.so error. > > > + error = -EFAULT; > > + goto out; > > + } > > } > > } > > > > /* > > - * Now fill out the bss section: first pad the last page from > > - * the file up to the page boundary, and zero it from elf_bss > > - * up to the end of the page. > > + * Finally, pad the last page from the file up to the page boundary, > > + * and zero it from elf_bss up to the end of the page, if this did > > + * not already happen with the last PT_LOAD. > > */ > > - if (padzero(elf_bss)) { > > + if (last_bss == elf_bss && padzero(elf_bss)) { > > error = -EFAULT; > > goto out; > > } > > -- > > 2.34.1 > > > > I added a new section to https://maskray.me/blog/2022-11-05-lld-musl-powerpc64 > Copying here: > > To test that the kernel ELF loader can handle more RW `PT_LOAD` program headers, we can create an executable with more RW `PT_LOAD` program headers with `p_filesz < p_memsz`. > We can place a read-only section after `.bss` followed by a `SHT_NOBITS` `SHF_ALLOC|SHF_WRITE` section. The read-only section will form a read-only `PT_LOAD` while the RW section will form a RW `PT_LOAD`. > > ```text > #--- a.c > #include <assert.h> > #include <stdio.h> > > extern const char toc[]; > char nobits0[0] __attribute__((section(".nobits0"))); > char nobits1[0] __attribute__((section(".nobits1"))); > > int main(void) { > assert(toc[4096-1] == 0); > for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) > assert(nobits0[i] == 0); > nobits0[0] = nobits0[1024-1] = 1; > for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++) > assert(nobits1[i] == 0); > nobits1[0] = nobits1[4096-1] = 1; > > puts("hello"); > } > > #--- toc.s > .section .toc,"aw",@nobits > .globl toc > toc: > .space 4096 > > .section .ro0,"a"; .byte 255 > .section .nobits0,"aw",@nobits; .space 1024 > .section .ro1,"a"; .byte 255 > .section .nobits1,"aw",@nobits; .space 4096 > > #--- a.lds > SECTIONS { .ro0 : {} .nobits0 : {} .ro1 : {} .nobits1 : {} } INSERT AFTER .bss; > ``` > > ```sh > split-file a.txt a > path/to/musl-gcc -Wl,--dynamic-linker=/lib/libc.so a/a.c a/a.lds -o toy > ``` > > split-file is a utility in llvm-project. Where is a.txt? Also, it'd be nice to have this without needing the musl-gcc. -- Kees Cook ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 3+ messages in thread
* Re: [PATCH v2] binfmt_elf: Allow .bss in any interp PT_LOAD 2022-11-11 20:13 ` Kees Cook @ 2022-11-11 20:27 ` Fangrui Song 0 siblings, 0 replies; 3+ messages in thread From: Fangrui Song @ 2022-11-11 20:27 UTC (permalink / raw) To: Kees Cook Cc: Pedro Falcato, Rich Felker, Alexander Viro, Eric Biederman, sam, linux-fsdevel, linux-mm, linux-kernel, linux-hardening On 2022-11-11, Kees Cook wrote: >On Thu, Nov 10, 2022 at 11:42:34PM -0800, Fangrui Song wrote: >> (+ sam@gentoo.org from Pedro Falcato's patch) >> >> On 2022-11-10, Kees Cook wrote: >> > Traditionally, only the final PT_LOAD for load_elf_interp() supported >> > having p_memsz > p_filesz. Recently, lld's construction of musl's >> > libc.so on PowerPC64 started having two PT_LOAD program headers with >> > p_memsz > p_filesz. >> > >> > As the least invasive change possible, check for p_memsz > p_filesz for >> > each PT_LOAD in load_elf_interp. >> > >> > Reported-by: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> >> > Link: https://maskray.me/blog/2022-11-05-lld-musl-powerpc64 >> > Cc: Pedro Falcato <pedro.falcato@gmail.com> >> > Cc: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com> >> > Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> >> > Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> >> > Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org >> > Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org >> > Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> >> > --- >> > v2: I realized we need to retain the final padding call. >> > v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-hardening/20221111055747.never.202-kees@kernel.org/ >> > --- >> > fs/binfmt_elf.c | 18 ++++++++++++++---- >> > 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) >> > >> > diff --git a/fs/binfmt_elf.c b/fs/binfmt_elf.c >> > index 528e2ac8931f..0a24bbbef1d6 100644 >> > --- a/fs/binfmt_elf.c >> > +++ b/fs/binfmt_elf.c >> > @@ -673,15 +673,25 @@ static unsigned long load_elf_interp(struct elfhdr *interp_elf_ex, >> > last_bss = k; >> > bss_prot = elf_prot; >> > } >> > + >> > + /* >> > + * Clear any p_memsz > p_filesz area up to the end >> > + * of the page to wipe anything left over from the >> > + * loaded file contents. >> > + */ >> > + if (last_bss > elf_bss && padzero(elf_bss)) >> >> Missing { >> >> But after fixing this, I get a musl ld.so error. >> >> > + error = -EFAULT; >> > + goto out; >> > + } >> > } >> > } >> > >> > /* >> > - * Now fill out the bss section: first pad the last page from >> > - * the file up to the page boundary, and zero it from elf_bss >> > - * up to the end of the page. >> > + * Finally, pad the last page from the file up to the page boundary, >> > + * and zero it from elf_bss up to the end of the page, if this did >> > + * not already happen with the last PT_LOAD. >> > */ >> > - if (padzero(elf_bss)) { >> > + if (last_bss == elf_bss && padzero(elf_bss)) { >> > error = -EFAULT; >> > goto out; >> > } >> > -- >> > 2.34.1 >> > >> >> I added a new section to https://maskray.me/blog/2022-11-05-lld-musl-powerpc64 >> Copying here: >> >> To test that the kernel ELF loader can handle more RW `PT_LOAD` program headers, we can create an executable with more RW `PT_LOAD` program headers with `p_filesz < p_memsz`. >> We can place a read-only section after `.bss` followed by a `SHT_NOBITS` `SHF_ALLOC|SHF_WRITE` section. The read-only section will form a read-only `PT_LOAD` while the RW section will form a RW `PT_LOAD`. >> >> ```text >> #--- a.c >> #include <assert.h> >> #include <stdio.h> >> >> extern const char toc[]; >> char nobits0[0] __attribute__((section(".nobits0"))); >> char nobits1[0] __attribute__((section(".nobits1"))); >> >> int main(void) { >> assert(toc[4096-1] == 0); >> for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) >> assert(nobits0[i] == 0); >> nobits0[0] = nobits0[1024-1] = 1; >> for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++) >> assert(nobits1[i] == 0); >> nobits1[0] = nobits1[4096-1] = 1; >> >> puts("hello"); >> } >> >> #--- toc.s >> .section .toc,"aw",@nobits >> .globl toc >> toc: >> .space 4096 >> >> .section .ro0,"a"; .byte 255 >> .section .nobits0,"aw",@nobits; .space 1024 >> .section .ro1,"a"; .byte 255 >> .section .nobits1,"aw",@nobits; .space 4096 >> >> #--- a.lds >> SECTIONS { .ro0 : {} .nobits0 : {} .ro1 : {} .nobits1 : {} } INSERT AFTER .bss; >> ``` >> >> ```sh >> split-file a.txt a >> path/to/musl-gcc -Wl,--dynamic-linker=/lib/libc.so a/a.c a/a.lds -o toy >> ``` >> >> split-file is a utility in llvm-project. > >Where is a.txt? Also, it'd be nice to have this without needing the >musl-gcc. Sorry for the unclear description. I rewrite it. (`char nobits0[0] __attribute__((section(".nobits0")));` is not effective. It's SHT_PROGBITS and makes the output section SHT_PROGBITS. The new example addresses the deficiency.) Create some files. If you have split-file (a [test utility](https://llvm.org/docs/TestingGuide.html#extra-files) from llvm-project), you may place the following content into `a.txt`. ```text #--- a.c #include <assert.h> #include <stdio.h> extern const char toc[]; extern char nobits0[], nobits1[]; int main(void) { assert(toc[4096-1] == 0); for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) { assert(nobits0[i] == 0); nobits0[i] = 1; } for (int i = 0; i < 8192; i++) { assert(nobits1[i] == 0); nobits1[i] = 1; } puts("hello"); } #--- toc.s .globl toc, nobits0, nobits1 .section .toc,"aw",@nobits; toc: .space 4096 .section .ro0,"a"; .byte 255 .section .nobits0,"aw",@nobits; nobits0: .space 1024 .section .ro1,"a"; .byte 255 .section .nobits1,"aw",@nobits; nobits1: .space 8192 #--- a.lds SECTIONS { .ro0 : {} .nobits0 : {} .ro1 : {} .nobits1 : {} } INSERT AFTER .bss; ``` Then run: ```sh split-file a.txt a path/to/musl-gcc -Wl,--dynamic-linker=/lib/libc.so a/a.c a/a.lds -o toy ``` Note: when a `SHT_NOBITS` section is followed by another section, the `SHT_NOBITS` section behaves as if it occupies the file offset range. This is because ld.lld does not implement a file size optimization. For this simple example, using glibc based gcc works as well (musl provides __assert_fail and puts referenced by the executable): gcc -Wl,--dynamic-linker=/lib/libc.so a/a.c a/a.lds -o toy ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 3+ messages in thread
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[not found] <20221111061315.gonna.703-kees@kernel.org>
2022-11-11 7:42 ` [PATCH v2] binfmt_elf: Allow .bss in any interp PT_LOAD Fangrui Song
2022-11-11 20:13 ` Kees Cook
2022-11-11 20:27 ` Fangrui Song
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