Greeting, FYI, we noticed the following commit (built with gcc-9): commit: 1ea6c22c9b85ec176bb78d7076be06a4142f8bdd ("[PATCH 1/2] cma: redirect page allocation to CMA") url: https://github.com/0day-ci/linux/commits/Chris-Goldsworthy/Increasing-CMA-Utilization-with-a-GFP-Flag/20201102-224143 base: https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux-block.git for-next in testcase: boot on test machine: qemu-system-i386 -enable-kvm -cpu SandyBridge -smp 2 -m 8G caused below changes (please refer to attached dmesg/kmsg for entire log/backtrace): +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+ | | 67b6d2ce11 | 1ea6c22c9b | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+ | boot_successes | 6 | 0 | | boot_failures | 0 | 8 | | page_allocation_failure:order:#,mode:#(__GFP_RECLAIMABLE),nodemask=(null) | 0 | 8 | | Mem-Info | 0 | 8 | | kernel_BUG_at_kernel/workqueue.c | 0 | 8 | | invalid_opcode:#[##] | 0 | 8 | | EIP:workqueue_init_early | 0 | 8 | | Kernel_panic-not_syncing:Fatal_exception | 0 | 8 | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+ If you fix the issue, kindly add following tag Reported-by: kernel test robot [ 2.108390] Memory: 8203240K/8388088K available (12819K kernel code, 6610K rwdata, 11292K rodata, 628K init, 12064K bss, 184848K reserved, 0K cma-reserved, 7481224K highmem) [ 2.111999] Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...Ok. [ 2.113918] random: get_random_u32 called from kmem_cache_open+0x1f/0x240 with crng_init=0 [ 2.114387] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 2.117656] Kernel/User page tables isolation: enabled [ 2.119610] swapper: page allocation failure: order:0, mode:0x10(__GFP_RECLAIMABLE), nodemask=(null) [ 2.121604] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 5.10.0-rc1-00365-g1ea6c22c9b85 #1 [ 2.123401] Call Trace: [ 2.123990] dump_stack+0x1b/0x1d [ 2.124787] warn_alloc+0x81/0xd9 [ 2.125599] __alloc_pages_slowpath+0x79c/0x7a9 [ 2.126690] ? get_page_from_freelist+0xb8/0x20d [ 2.127750] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x107/0x188 [ 2.128795] __alloc_pages_node+0x17/0x1c [ 2.129757] alloc_slab_page+0x26/0x4e [ 2.130649] allocate_slab+0x80/0x27e [ 2.131521] ___slab_alloc+0x247/0x2ec [ 2.132605] ? radix_tree_node_alloc+0x5e/0x8e [ 2.133915] ? validate_chain+0x5a8/0x5c3 [ 2.134838] __slab_alloc+0x34/0x4d [ 2.135830] ? __slab_alloc+0x34/0x4d [ 2.136909] ? fs_reclaim_release+0x8/0x13 [ 2.137910] kmem_cache_alloc+0x46/0x157 [ 2.138854] ? radix_tree_node_alloc+0x5e/0x8e [ 2.140103] radix_tree_node_alloc+0x5e/0x8e [ 2.141369] idr_get_free+0xc1/0x21a [ 2.142230] idr_alloc_u32+0x4d/0x80 [ 2.143016] idr_alloc+0x30/0x3e [ 2.143751] worker_pool_assign_id+0x37/0x47 [ 2.144682] workqueue_init_early+0x9f/0x1f6 [ 2.145707] start_kernel+0x206/0x467 [ 2.146592] ? early_idt_handler_common+0x44/0x44 [ 2.147671] i386_start_kernel+0x42/0x44 [ 2.148607] startup_32_smp+0x164/0x168 [ 2.149567] Mem-Info: [ 2.150101] active_anon:0 inactive_anon:0 isolated_anon:0 [ 2.150101] active_file:0 inactive_file:0 isolated_file:0 [ 2.150101] unevictable:0 dirty:0 writeback:0 [ 2.150101] slab_reclaimable:0 slab_unreclaimable:88 [ 2.150101] mapped:0 shmem:0 pagetables:0 bounce:0 [ 2.150101] free:2050715 free_pcp:0 free_cma:0 [ 2.156588] Node 0 active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB mapped:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB shmem:0kB shmem_thp: 0kB shmem_pmdmapped: 0kB anon_thp: 0kB writeback_tmp:0kB kernel_stack:0kB all_unreclaimable? no [ 2.162313] Normal free:721636kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB reserved_highatomic:0KB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB writepending:0kB present:906864kB managed:722016kB mlocked:0kB pagetables:0kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:0kB local_pcp:0kB free_cma:0kB [ 2.162318] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 [ 2.169009] HighMem free:7481224kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB reserved_highatomic:0KB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB writepending:0kB present:7481224kB managed:7481224kB mlocked:0kB pagetables:0kB bounce:0kB free_pcp:0kB local_pcp:0kB free_cma:0kB [ 2.169014] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 [ 2.175914] Normal: 1*4kB (M) 2*8kB (M) 1*16kB (U) 2*32kB (UM) 2*64kB (M) 2*128kB (UM) 1*256kB (M) 0*512kB 2*1024kB (UM) 1*2048kB (M) 175*4096kB (M) = 721636kB [ 2.179229] HighMem: 0*4kB 1*8kB (M) 0*16kB 0*32kB 0*64kB 1*128kB (M) 1*256kB (M) 1*512kB (M) 1*1024kB (M) 2*2048kB (M) 1825*4096kB (M) = 7481224kB [ 2.182343] 0 total pagecache pages [ 2.183068] 2097022 pages RAM [ 2.183799] 1870306 pages HighMem/MovableOnly [ 2.184853] 46212 pages reserved [ 2.185675] 0 pages cma reserved [ 2.186442] SLUB: Unable to allocate memory on node -1, gfp=0xcc0(GFP_KERNEL) [ 2.188136] cache: radix_tree_node, object size: 300, buffer size: 480, default order: 0, min order: 0 [ 2.190339] node 0: slabs: 0, objs: 0, free: 0 [ 2.191414] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 2.192442] kernel BUG at kernel/workqueue.c:5944! [ 2.193614] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PTI [ 2.194549] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 5.10.0-rc1-00365-g1ea6c22c9b85 #1 [ 2.196348] EIP: workqueue_init_early+0xa3/0x1f6 [ 2.197445] Code: 8b 83 fc 01 00 00 8b 54 bd e8 89 10 31 d2 b8 a0 40 7e c2 c7 43 30 00 00 00 00 e8 56 7a e4 fe 89 d8 e8 f1 64 21 fe 85 c0 74 02 <0f> 0b b8 a0 40 7e c2 81 c3 18 02 00 00 e8 db 76 e4 fe 83 ff 02 be [ 2.201824] EAX: fffffff4 EBX: c27e3bc0 ECX: 00000cc0 EDX: 07ffffff [ 2.203273] ESI: 00000000 EDI: 00000001 EBP: c278df7c ESP: c278df68 [ 2.204737] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 0000 GS: 00e0 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00210082 [ 2.206288] CR0: 80050033 CR2: ffbff000 CR3: 02ec4000 CR4: 000006b0 [ 2.207717] Call Trace: [ 2.208256] start_kernel+0x206/0x467 [ 2.209038] ? early_idt_handler_common+0x44/0x44 [ 2.210192] i386_start_kernel+0x42/0x44 [ 2.211088] startup_32_smp+0x164/0x168 [ 2.211986] Modules linked in: [ 2.212723] random: get_random_bytes called from init_oops_id+0x23/0x3b with crng_init=0 [ 2.212729] ---[ end trace 7c274a1c59fae664 ]--- [ 2.215660] EIP: workqueue_init_early+0xa3/0x1f6 [ 2.216748] Code: 8b 83 fc 01 00 00 8b 54 bd e8 89 10 31 d2 b8 a0 40 7e c2 c7 43 30 00 00 00 00 e8 56 7a e4 fe 89 d8 e8 f1 64 21 fe 85 c0 74 02 <0f> 0b b8 a0 40 7e c2 81 c3 18 02 00 00 e8 db 76 e4 fe 83 ff 02 be [ 2.220942] EAX: fffffff4 EBX: c27e3bc0 ECX: 00000cc0 EDX: 07ffffff [ 2.222365] ESI: 00000000 EDI: 00000001 EBP: c278df7c ESP: c278df68 [ 2.223834] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 0000 GS: 00e0 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00210082 [ 2.225389] CR0: 80050033 CR2: ffbff000 CR3: 02ec4000 CR4: 000006b0 [ 2.226784] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Kboot worker: lkp-worker51 Elapsed time: 60 kvm=( To reproduce: # build kernel cd linux cp config-5.10.0-rc1-00365-g1ea6c22c9b85 .config make HOSTCC=gcc-9 CC=gcc-9 ARCH=i386 olddefconfig prepare modules_prepare bzImage git clone https://github.com/intel/lkp-tests.git cd lkp-tests bin/lkp qemu -k job-script # job-script is attached in this email Thanks, Rong Chen