[PATCH] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[PATCH] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[Michal Hocko]

Tetsuo Handa has pointed out that __GFP_NOFAIL allocations might fail
after OOM killer is disabled if the allocation is performed by a
kernel thread. This behavior was introduced from the very beginning by
7f33d49a2ed5 (mm, PM/Freezer: Disable OOM killer when tasks are frozen).
This means that the basic contract for the allocation request is broken
and the context requesting such an allocation might blow up unexpectedly.

There are basically two ways forward.
1) move oom_killer_disable after kernel threads are frozen. This has a
   risk that the OOM victim wouldn't be able to finish because it would
   depend on an already frozen kernel thread. This would be really
   tricky to debug.
2) do not fail GFP_NOFAIL allocation no matter what and risk a potential
   Freezable kernel threads will loop and fail the suspend. Incidental
   allocations after kernel threads are frozen will at least dump a
   warning - if we are lucky and the serial console is still active of
   course...

This patch implements the later option because it is safer. We would see
warnings rather than allocation failures for the kernel threads which
would blow up otherwise and have a higher chances to identify
__GFP_NOFAIL users from deeper pm code.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
---

We haven't seen any bug reports 

 mm/oom_kill.c | 8 ++++++++
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
index 642f38cb175a..ea8b443cd871 100644
--- a/mm/oom_kill.c
+++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
@@ -772,6 +772,10 @@ out:
 		schedule_timeout_killable(1);
 }
 
+static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(oom_disabled_rs,
+		DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
+		DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
+
 /**
  * out_of_memory -  tries to invoke OOM killer.
  * @zonelist: zonelist pointer
@@ -792,6 +796,10 @@ bool out_of_memory(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask,
 	if (!oom_killer_disabled) {
 		__out_of_memory(zonelist, gfp_mask, order, nodemask, force_kill);
 		ret = true;
+	} else if (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL) {
+		if (__ratelimit(&oom_disabled_rs))
+			WARN(1, "Unable to make forward progress for __GFP_NOFAIL because OOM killer is disbaled\n");
+		ret = true;
 	}
 	up_read(&oom_sem);
 
-- 
2.1.4

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Re: [PATCH] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[Michal Hocko]

On Tue 24-02-15 19:19:24, Michal Hocko wrote:
> Tetsuo Handa has pointed out that __GFP_NOFAIL allocations might fail
> after OOM killer is disabled if the allocation is performed by a
> kernel thread. This behavior was introduced from the very beginning by
> 7f33d49a2ed5 (mm, PM/Freezer: Disable OOM killer when tasks are frozen).
> This means that the basic contract for the allocation request is broken
> and the context requesting such an allocation might blow up unexpectedly.
> 
> There are basically two ways forward.
> 1) move oom_killer_disable after kernel threads are frozen. This has a
>    risk that the OOM victim wouldn't be able to finish because it would
>    depend on an already frozen kernel thread. This would be really
>    tricky to debug.
> 2) do not fail GFP_NOFAIL allocation no matter what and risk a potential
>    Freezable kernel threads will loop and fail the suspend. Incidental
>    allocations after kernel threads are frozen will at least dump a
>    warning - if we are lucky and the serial console is still active of
>    course...
> 
> This patch implements the later option because it is safer. We would see
> warnings rather than allocation failures for the kernel threads which
> would blow up otherwise and have a higher chances to identify
> __GFP_NOFAIL users from deeper pm code.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
> ---
> 
> We haven't seen any bug reports 

Ups, forgot to save the file before sending. The full text is:
"
We haven't seen any bug reports since 2009 so I haven't marked the patch
for stable. I have no problem to backport it to stable trees though if
people think it is a good precaution.
"

> 
>  mm/oom_kill.c | 8 ++++++++
>  1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
> index 642f38cb175a..ea8b443cd871 100644
> --- a/mm/oom_kill.c
> +++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
> @@ -772,6 +772,10 @@ out:
>  		schedule_timeout_killable(1);
>  }
>  
> +static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(oom_disabled_rs,
> +		DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
> +		DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
> +
>  /**
>   * out_of_memory -  tries to invoke OOM killer.
>   * @zonelist: zonelist pointer
> @@ -792,6 +796,10 @@ bool out_of_memory(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>  	if (!oom_killer_disabled) {
>  		__out_of_memory(zonelist, gfp_mask, order, nodemask, force_kill);
>  		ret = true;
> +	} else if (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL) {
> +		if (__ratelimit(&oom_disabled_rs))
> +			WARN(1, "Unable to make forward progress for __GFP_NOFAIL because OOM killer is disbaled\n");
> +		ret = true;
>  	}
>  	up_read(&oom_sem);
>  
> -- 
> 2.1.4
> 
> --
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-- 
Michal Hocko
SUSE Labs

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Re: [PATCH] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[Johannes Weiner]

On Tue, Feb 24, 2015 at 07:19:24PM +0100, Michal Hocko wrote:
> Tetsuo Handa has pointed out that __GFP_NOFAIL allocations might fail
> after OOM killer is disabled if the allocation is performed by a
> kernel thread. This behavior was introduced from the very beginning by
> 7f33d49a2ed5 (mm, PM/Freezer: Disable OOM killer when tasks are frozen).
> This means that the basic contract for the allocation request is broken
> and the context requesting such an allocation might blow up unexpectedly.
> 
> There are basically two ways forward.
> 1) move oom_killer_disable after kernel threads are frozen. This has a
>    risk that the OOM victim wouldn't be able to finish because it would
>    depend on an already frozen kernel thread. This would be really
>    tricky to debug.
> 2) do not fail GFP_NOFAIL allocation no matter what and risk a potential
>    Freezable kernel threads will loop and fail the suspend. Incidental
>    allocations after kernel threads are frozen will at least dump a
>    warning - if we are lucky and the serial console is still active of
>    course...
> 
> This patch implements the later option because it is safer. We would see
> warnings rather than allocation failures for the kernel threads which
> would blow up otherwise and have a higher chances to identify
> __GFP_NOFAIL users from deeper pm code.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
> ---
> 
> We haven't seen any bug reports 
> 
>  mm/oom_kill.c | 8 ++++++++
>  1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
> index 642f38cb175a..ea8b443cd871 100644
> --- a/mm/oom_kill.c
> +++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
> @@ -772,6 +772,10 @@ out:
>  		schedule_timeout_killable(1);
>  }
>  
> +static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(oom_disabled_rs,
> +		DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
> +		DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
> +
>  /**
>   * out_of_memory -  tries to invoke OOM killer.
>   * @zonelist: zonelist pointer
> @@ -792,6 +796,10 @@ bool out_of_memory(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>  	if (!oom_killer_disabled) {
>  		__out_of_memory(zonelist, gfp_mask, order, nodemask, force_kill);
>  		ret = true;
> +	} else if (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL) {
> +		if (__ratelimit(&oom_disabled_rs))
> +			WARN(1, "Unable to make forward progress for __GFP_NOFAIL because OOM killer is disbaled\n");
> +		ret = true;

I'm fine with keeping the allocation looping, but is that message
helpful?  It seems completely useless to the user encountering it.  Is
it going to help kernel developers when we get a bug report with it?

WARN_ON_ONCE()?

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Re: [PATCH] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[David Rientjes]

On Tue, 24 Feb 2015, Johannes Weiner wrote:

> On Tue, Feb 24, 2015 at 07:19:24PM +0100, Michal Hocko wrote:
> > Tetsuo Handa has pointed out that __GFP_NOFAIL allocations might fail
> > after OOM killer is disabled if the allocation is performed by a
> > kernel thread. This behavior was introduced from the very beginning by
> > 7f33d49a2ed5 (mm, PM/Freezer: Disable OOM killer when tasks are frozen).
> > This means that the basic contract for the allocation request is broken
> > and the context requesting such an allocation might blow up unexpectedly.
> > 
> > There are basically two ways forward.
> > 1) move oom_killer_disable after kernel threads are frozen. This has a
> >    risk that the OOM victim wouldn't be able to finish because it would
> >    depend on an already frozen kernel thread. This would be really
> >    tricky to debug.
> > 2) do not fail GFP_NOFAIL allocation no matter what and risk a potential
> >    Freezable kernel threads will loop and fail the suspend. Incidental
> >    allocations after kernel threads are frozen will at least dump a
> >    warning - if we are lucky and the serial console is still active of
> >    course...
> > 
> > This patch implements the later option because it is safer. We would see
> > warnings rather than allocation failures for the kernel threads which
> > would blow up otherwise and have a higher chances to identify
> > __GFP_NOFAIL users from deeper pm code.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
> > ---
> > 
> > We haven't seen any bug reports 
> > 
> >  mm/oom_kill.c | 8 ++++++++
> >  1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)
> > 
> > diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
> > index 642f38cb175a..ea8b443cd871 100644
> > --- a/mm/oom_kill.c
> > +++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
> > @@ -772,6 +772,10 @@ out:
> >  		schedule_timeout_killable(1);
> >  }
> >  
> > +static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(oom_disabled_rs,
> > +		DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
> > +		DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
> > +
> >  /**
> >   * out_of_memory -  tries to invoke OOM killer.
> >   * @zonelist: zonelist pointer
> > @@ -792,6 +796,10 @@ bool out_of_memory(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask,
> >  	if (!oom_killer_disabled) {
> >  		__out_of_memory(zonelist, gfp_mask, order, nodemask, force_kill);
> >  		ret = true;
> > +	} else if (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL) {
> > +		if (__ratelimit(&oom_disabled_rs))
> > +			WARN(1, "Unable to make forward progress for __GFP_NOFAIL because OOM killer is disbaled\n");
> > +		ret = true;
> 
> I'm fine with keeping the allocation looping, but is that message
> helpful?  It seems completely useless to the user encountering it.  Is
> it going to help kernel developers when we get a bug report with it?
> 
> WARN_ON_ONCE()?
> 

Yeah, I'm not sure that the warning is helpful (and it needs 
s/disbaled/disabled/ if it is to be kept).  I also think this check should 
be moved out of out_of_memory() since gfp/retry logic should be in the 
page allocator itself and not in the oom killer: just make 
__alloc_pages_may_oom() also set *did_some_progress = 1 for __GFP_NOFAIL.

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[PATCH -v2] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[Michal Hocko]

On Tue 24-02-15 12:23:55, David Rientjes wrote:
> On Tue, 24 Feb 2015, Johannes Weiner wrote:
[...]
> > I'm fine with keeping the allocation looping, but is that message
> > helpful?  It seems completely useless to the user encountering it.  Is
> > it going to help kernel developers when we get a bug report with it?
> > 
> > WARN_ON_ONCE()?
> > 
> 
> Yeah, I'm not sure that the warning is helpful (and it needs 
> s/disbaled/disabled/ if it is to be kept).  I also think this check should 
> be moved out of out_of_memory() since gfp/retry logic should be in the 
> page allocator itself and not in the oom killer: just make 
> __alloc_pages_may_oom() also set *did_some_progress = 1 for __GFP_NOFAIL.

OK, this is a good point. Updated patch is below:
---

Re: [PATCH -v2] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[David Rientjes]

On Wed, 25 Feb 2015, Michal Hocko wrote:

> diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> index 2d224bbdf8e8..c2ff40a30003 100644
> --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
> +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
> @@ -2363,7 +2363,8 @@ __alloc_pages_may_oom(gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order,
>  			goto out;
>  	}
>  	/* Exhausted what can be done so it's blamo time */
> -	if (out_of_memory(ac->zonelist, gfp_mask, order, ac->nodemask, false))
> +	if (out_of_memory(ac->zonelist, gfp_mask, order, ac->nodemask, false)
> +			|| WARN_ON_ONCE(gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL))
>  		*did_some_progress = 1;
>  out:
>  	oom_zonelist_unlock(ac->zonelist, gfp_mask);

Eek, not sure we actually need to play any games with did_some_progress, 
it might be clearer just to do this

diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -2760,7 +2760,7 @@ retry:
 							&did_some_progress);
 			if (page)
 				goto got_pg;
-			if (!did_some_progress)
+			if (!did_some_progress && !(gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL))
 				goto nopage;
 		}
 		/* Wait for some write requests to complete then retry */

Either way you decide, feel free to add my

Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@gooogle.com>

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Re: [PATCH -v2] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[Michal Hocko]

On Wed 25-02-15 12:41:07, David Rientjes wrote:
> On Wed, 25 Feb 2015, Michal Hocko wrote:
> 
> > diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> > index 2d224bbdf8e8..c2ff40a30003 100644
> > --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
> > +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
> > @@ -2363,7 +2363,8 @@ __alloc_pages_may_oom(gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned int order,
> >  			goto out;
> >  	}
> >  	/* Exhausted what can be done so it's blamo time */
> > -	if (out_of_memory(ac->zonelist, gfp_mask, order, ac->nodemask, false))
> > +	if (out_of_memory(ac->zonelist, gfp_mask, order, ac->nodemask, false)
> > +			|| WARN_ON_ONCE(gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL))
> >  		*did_some_progress = 1;
> >  out:
> >  	oom_zonelist_unlock(ac->zonelist, gfp_mask);
> 
> Eek, not sure we actually need to play any games with did_some_progress, 
> it might be clearer just to do this

We would loose the warning which _might_ be helpful and I also find this
place better because it is close to the out_of_memory and this one has
only one failure mode. So I would prefer to stick with this unless there
are big objections.

> diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
> +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
> @@ -2760,7 +2760,7 @@ retry:
>  							&did_some_progress);
>  			if (page)
>  				goto got_pg;
> -			if (!did_some_progress)
> +			if (!did_some_progress && !(gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL))
>  				goto nopage;
>  		}
>  		/* Wait for some write requests to complete then retry */
> 
> Either way you decide, feel free to add my
> 
> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@gooogle.com>

Thanks!

Andrew, should I repost or you can pick it up from this thread? Assuming
you and others do not have objections of course.

-- 
Michal Hocko
SUSE Labs

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Re: [PATCH] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[Konstantin Khlebnikov]

On Tue, Feb 24, 2015 at 10:11 PM, Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 24, 2015 at 07:19:24PM +0100, Michal Hocko wrote:
>> Tetsuo Handa has pointed out that __GFP_NOFAIL allocations might fail
>> after OOM killer is disabled if the allocation is performed by a
>> kernel thread. This behavior was introduced from the very beginning by
>> 7f33d49a2ed5 (mm, PM/Freezer: Disable OOM killer when tasks are frozen).
>> This means that the basic contract for the allocation request is broken
>> and the context requesting such an allocation might blow up unexpectedly.
>>
>> There are basically two ways forward.
>> 1) move oom_killer_disable after kernel threads are frozen. This has a
>>    risk that the OOM victim wouldn't be able to finish because it would
>>    depend on an already frozen kernel thread. This would be really
>>    tricky to debug.
>> 2) do not fail GFP_NOFAIL allocation no matter what and risk a potential
>>    Freezable kernel threads will loop and fail the suspend. Incidental
>>    allocations after kernel threads are frozen will at least dump a
>>    warning - if we are lucky and the serial console is still active of
>>    course...
>>
>> This patch implements the later option because it is safer. We would see
>> warnings rather than allocation failures for the kernel threads which
>> would blow up otherwise and have a higher chances to identify
>> __GFP_NOFAIL users from deeper pm code.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
>> ---
>>
>> We haven't seen any bug reports
>>
>>  mm/oom_kill.c | 8 ++++++++
>>  1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)
>>
>> diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
>> index 642f38cb175a..ea8b443cd871 100644
>> --- a/mm/oom_kill.c
>> +++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
>> @@ -772,6 +772,10 @@ out:
>>               schedule_timeout_killable(1);
>>  }
>>
>> +static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(oom_disabled_rs,
>> +             DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
>> +             DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
>> +
>>  /**
>>   * out_of_memory -  tries to invoke OOM killer.
>>   * @zonelist: zonelist pointer
>> @@ -792,6 +796,10 @@ bool out_of_memory(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>>       if (!oom_killer_disabled) {
>>               __out_of_memory(zonelist, gfp_mask, order, nodemask, force_kill);
>>               ret = true;
>> +     } else if (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL) {
>> +             if (__ratelimit(&oom_disabled_rs))
>> +                     WARN(1, "Unable to make forward progress for __GFP_NOFAIL because OOM killer is disbaled\n");
>> +             ret = true;
>
> I'm fine with keeping the allocation looping, but is that message
> helpful?  It seems completely useless to the user encountering it.  Is
> it going to help kernel developers when we get a bug report with it?
>
> WARN_ON_ONCE()?

maybe panic() ?

If somebody turns off oom-killer it seems he's pretty sure that he has
enough memory.

>
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Re: [PATCH] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[Konstantin Khlebnikov]

On Wed, Feb 25, 2015 at 1:09 AM, Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 24, 2015 at 10:11 PM, Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> wrote:
>> On Tue, Feb 24, 2015 at 07:19:24PM +0100, Michal Hocko wrote:
>>> Tetsuo Handa has pointed out that __GFP_NOFAIL allocations might fail
>>> after OOM killer is disabled if the allocation is performed by a
>>> kernel thread. This behavior was introduced from the very beginning by
>>> 7f33d49a2ed5 (mm, PM/Freezer: Disable OOM killer when tasks are frozen).
>>> This means that the basic contract for the allocation request is broken
>>> and the context requesting such an allocation might blow up unexpectedly.
>>>
>>> There are basically two ways forward.
>>> 1) move oom_killer_disable after kernel threads are frozen. This has a
>>>    risk that the OOM victim wouldn't be able to finish because it would
>>>    depend on an already frozen kernel thread. This would be really
>>>    tricky to debug.
>>> 2) do not fail GFP_NOFAIL allocation no matter what and risk a potential
>>>    Freezable kernel threads will loop and fail the suspend. Incidental
>>>    allocations after kernel threads are frozen will at least dump a
>>>    warning - if we are lucky and the serial console is still active of
>>>    course...
>>>
>>> This patch implements the later option because it is safer. We would see
>>> warnings rather than allocation failures for the kernel threads which
>>> would blow up otherwise and have a higher chances to identify
>>> __GFP_NOFAIL users from deeper pm code.
>>>
>>> Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
>>> ---
>>>
>>> We haven't seen any bug reports
>>>
>>>  mm/oom_kill.c | 8 ++++++++
>>>  1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)
>>>
>>> diff --git a/mm/oom_kill.c b/mm/oom_kill.c
>>> index 642f38cb175a..ea8b443cd871 100644
>>> --- a/mm/oom_kill.c
>>> +++ b/mm/oom_kill.c
>>> @@ -772,6 +772,10 @@ out:
>>>               schedule_timeout_killable(1);
>>>  }
>>>
>>> +static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(oom_disabled_rs,
>>> +             DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
>>> +             DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
>>> +
>>>  /**
>>>   * out_of_memory -  tries to invoke OOM killer.
>>>   * @zonelist: zonelist pointer
>>> @@ -792,6 +796,10 @@ bool out_of_memory(struct zonelist *zonelist, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>>>       if (!oom_killer_disabled) {
>>>               __out_of_memory(zonelist, gfp_mask, order, nodemask, force_kill);
>>>               ret = true;
>>> +     } else if (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL) {
>>> +             if (__ratelimit(&oom_disabled_rs))
>>> +                     WARN(1, "Unable to make forward progress for __GFP_NOFAIL because OOM killer is disbaled\n");
>>> +             ret = true;
>>
>> I'm fine with keeping the allocation looping, but is that message
>> helpful?  It seems completely useless to the user encountering it.  Is
>> it going to help kernel developers when we get a bug report with it?
>>
>> WARN_ON_ONCE()?
>
> maybe panic() ?
>
> If somebody turns off oom-killer it seems he's pretty sure that he has
> enough memory.

Ah, that's used in freeze/suspend code. I thought that some kind of
sysctl for brave sysadmins.

>
>>
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Re: [PATCH] mm, oom: do not fail __GFP_NOFAIL allocation if oom killer is disbaled

[Michal Hocko]

On Tue 24-02-15 14:11:27, Johannes Weiner wrote:
[...]
> I'm fine with keeping the allocation looping, but is that message
> helpful?  It seems completely useless to the user encountering it.  Is
> it going to help kernel developers when we get a bug report with it?

It is better than a silent endless loop. And we get a trace which points
to the place which is doing the allocation. We haven't seen any weird
crashes during suspend throughout last 6 years so this would be
extremely unlikely and hard to reproduce so having the trace sounds
useful to me.

> WARN_ON_ONCE()?

I do not expect this will spew a lot of messages. But I can live with
WARN_ON_ONCE as well.
-- 
Michal Hocko
SUSE Labs

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