[RFC][PATCH 0/2] mm: some patches about add_to_swap_cache()

[RFC][PATCH 0/2] mm: some patches about add_to_swap_cache()

[Daisuke Nishimura]

These are patches about add_to_swap_cache(), related to
the commit 355cfa73(mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag).

[BUGFIX][1/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() must not sleep
[cleanup][2/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() does not return -EEXIST

These are based on 2.6.31-rc5, but can be applied onto mmotm.
Any comments or suggestions would be welcome.

Thanks,
Daisuke Nishimura.

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[BUGFIX][1/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() must not sleep

[Daisuke Nishimura]

After commit 355cfa73(mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag),
read_swap_cache_async() will busy-wait while a entry doesn't on swap cache
but it has SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.

Such entries can exist on add/delete path of swap cache.
On add path, add_to_swap_cache() is called soon after SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
is set, and on delete path, swapcache_free() will be called (SWAP_HAS_CACHE
flag is cleared) soon after __delete_from_swap_cache() is called.
So, the busy-wait works well in most cases.

But this mechanism can cause soft lockup if add_to_swap_cache() sleeps
and read_swap_cache_async() tries to swap-in the same entry on the same cpu.

add_to_swap() and shmem_writepage() call add_to_swap_cache() w/o __GFP_WAIT,
but read_swap_cache_async() can call it w/ __GFP_WAIT, so it can cause
soft lockup.

This patch changes the gfp_mask of add_to_swap_cache() in read_swap_cache_async().

Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
---
 mm/swap_state.c |    3 ++-
 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
index 42cd38e..3e6dd72 100644
--- a/mm/swap_state.c
+++ b/mm/swap_state.c
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
 	VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
 	VM_BUG_ON(PageSwapCache(page));
 	VM_BUG_ON(!PageSwapBacked(page));
+	VM_BUG_ON(gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT);
 
 	error = radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask);
 	if (!error) {
@@ -307,7 +308,7 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
 		 */
 		__set_page_locked(new_page);
 		SetPageSwapBacked(new_page);
-		err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, gfp_mask & GFP_KERNEL);
+		err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, GFP_ATOMIC);
 		if (likely(!err)) {
 			/*
 			 * Initiate read into locked page and return.

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[cleanup][2/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() does not return -EEXIST

[Daisuke Nishimura]

After commit 355cfa73(mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag),
only the context which have set SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag by swapcache_prepare()
or get_swap_page() would call add_to_swap_cache().
So add_to_swap_cache() doesn't return -EEXIST any more.

Even though it doesn't return -EEXIST, it's not a good behavior conceptually
to call swapcache_prepare() in -EEXIST case, because it means clearing
SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag while the entry is on swap cache.

This patch removes redundant codes and comments from callers of it, and
adds VM_BUG_ON() in error path of add_to_swap_cache() and some comments.

Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
---
 mm/shmem.c      |    4 +++
 mm/swap_state.c |   75 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------
 2 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/shmem.c b/mm/shmem.c
index d713239..c71ac6c 100644
--- a/mm/shmem.c
+++ b/mm/shmem.c
@@ -1097,6 +1097,10 @@ static int shmem_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
 	shmem_swp_unmap(entry);
 unlock:
 	spin_unlock(&info->lock);
+	/*
+	 * add_to_swap_cache() doesn't return -EEXIST, so we can safely
+	 * clear SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
+	 */
 	swapcache_free(swap, NULL);
 redirty:
 	set_page_dirty(page);
diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
index 3e6dd72..e891208 100644
--- a/mm/swap_state.c
+++ b/mm/swap_state.c
@@ -96,6 +96,12 @@ int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
 		radix_tree_preload_end();
 
 		if (unlikely(error)) {
+			/*
+			 * Only the context which have set SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
+			 * would call add_to_swap_cache().
+			 * So add_to_swap_cache() doesn't returns -EEXIST.
+			 */
+			VM_BUG_ON(error == -EEXIST);
 			set_page_private(page, 0UL);
 			ClearPageSwapCache(page);
 			page_cache_release(page);
@@ -137,38 +143,34 @@ int add_to_swap(struct page *page)
 	VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
 	VM_BUG_ON(!PageUptodate(page));
 
-	for (;;) {
-		entry = get_swap_page();
-		if (!entry.val)
-			return 0;
+	entry = get_swap_page();
+	if (!entry.val)
+		return 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * Radix-tree node allocations from PF_MEMALLOC contexts could
+	 * completely exhaust the page allocator. __GFP_NOMEMALLOC
+	 * stops emergency reserves from being allocated.
+	 *
+	 * TODO: this could cause a theoretical memory reclaim
+	 * deadlock in the swap out path.
+	 */
+	/*
+	 * Add it to the swap cache and mark it dirty
+	 */
+	err = add_to_swap_cache(page, entry,
+			__GFP_HIGH|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|__GFP_NOWARN);
+
+	if (!err) {	/* Success */
+		SetPageDirty(page);
+		return 1;
+	} else {	/* -ENOMEM radix-tree allocation failure */
 		/*
-		 * Radix-tree node allocations from PF_MEMALLOC contexts could
-		 * completely exhaust the page allocator. __GFP_NOMEMALLOC
-		 * stops emergency reserves from being allocated.
-		 *
-		 * TODO: this could cause a theoretical memory reclaim
-		 * deadlock in the swap out path.
-		 */
-		/*
-		 * Add it to the swap cache and mark it dirty
+		 * add_to_swap_cache() doesn't return -EEXIST, so we can safely
+		 * clear SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
 		 */
-		err = add_to_swap_cache(page, entry,
-				__GFP_HIGH|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|__GFP_NOWARN);
-
-		switch (err) {
-		case 0:				/* Success */
-			SetPageDirty(page);
-			return 1;
-		case -EEXIST:
-			/* Raced with "speculative" read_swap_cache_async */
-			swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
-			continue;
-		default:
-			/* -ENOMEM radix-tree allocation failure */
-			swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
-			return 0;
-		}
+		swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
+		return 0;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -298,14 +300,7 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
 		if (err)           /* swp entry is obsolete ? */
 			break;
 
-		/*
-		 * Associate the page with swap entry in the swap cache.
-		 * May fail (-EEXIST) if there is already a page associated
-		 * with this entry in the swap cache: added by a racing
-		 * read_swap_cache_async, or add_to_swap or shmem_writepage
-		 * re-using the just freed swap entry for an existing page.
-		 * May fail (-ENOMEM) if radix-tree node allocation failed.
-		 */
+		/* May fail (-ENOMEM) if radix-tree node allocation failed. */
 		__set_page_locked(new_page);
 		SetPageSwapBacked(new_page);
 		err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, GFP_ATOMIC);
@@ -319,6 +314,10 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
 		}
 		ClearPageSwapBacked(new_page);
 		__clear_page_locked(new_page);
+		/*
+		 * add_to_swap_cache() doesn't return -EEXIST, so we can safely
+		 * clear SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
+		 */
 		swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
 	} while (err != -ENOMEM);
 

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Re: [BUGFIX][1/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() must not sleep

[KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki]

On Mon, 10 Aug 2009 11:26:41 +0900
Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp> wrote:

> After commit 355cfa73(mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag),
> read_swap_cache_async() will busy-wait while a entry doesn't on swap cache
> but it has SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
> 
> Such entries can exist on add/delete path of swap cache.
> On add path, add_to_swap_cache() is called soon after SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
> is set, and on delete path, swapcache_free() will be called (SWAP_HAS_CACHE
> flag is cleared) soon after __delete_from_swap_cache() is called.
> So, the busy-wait works well in most cases.
> 
yes.

> But this mechanism can cause soft lockup if add_to_swap_cache() sleeps
> and read_swap_cache_async() tries to swap-in the same entry on the same cpu.
> 
Hmm..

> add_to_swap() and shmem_writepage() call add_to_swap_cache() w/o __GFP_WAIT,
> but read_swap_cache_async() can call it w/ __GFP_WAIT, so it can cause
> soft lockup.
> 
> This patch changes the gfp_mask of add_to_swap_cache() in read_swap_cache_async().
> 
> Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>

Thank you for catching.
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>

But Hm...I wonder whether this is the best fix.

If I was you, I may do following.

  1. remove radix_tree_preload() and gfp_mask from add_to_swapcache().
     Then, rename it fo __add_to_swapcache().
     Or, move swap_duplicate() into add_to_swapcache() with a new flag.

  2. do things in following order.

	radix_tree_peload();
	swap_duplicate();	# this never sleeps.
	add_to_swapcache()
	radix_tree_peload_end();

 Good point of this approach is 
	- we can use __GFP_WAIT in gfp_mask.
	- -ENOMEM means OOM, then, we should be aggressive to get a page.

How do you think ?

Thanks,
-Kame

> ---
>  mm/swap_state.c |    3 ++-
>  1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
> index 42cd38e..3e6dd72 100644
> --- a/mm/swap_state.c
> +++ b/mm/swap_state.c
> @@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
>  	VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
>  	VM_BUG_ON(PageSwapCache(page));
>  	VM_BUG_ON(!PageSwapBacked(page));
> +	VM_BUG_ON(gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT);
>  
>  	error = radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask);
>  	if (!error) {
> @@ -307,7 +308,7 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>  		 */
>  		__set_page_locked(new_page);
>  		SetPageSwapBacked(new_page);
> -		err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, gfp_mask & GFP_KERNEL);
> +		err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, GFP_ATOMIC);
>  		if (likely(!err)) {
>  			/*
>  			 * Initiate read into locked page and return.
> 

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Re: [cleanup][2/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() does not return -EEXIST

[KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki]

On Mon, 10 Aug 2009 11:27:16 +0900
Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp> wrote:

> After commit 355cfa73(mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag),
> only the context which have set SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag by swapcache_prepare()
> or get_swap_page() would call add_to_swap_cache().
> So add_to_swap_cache() doesn't return -EEXIST any more.
> 
> Even though it doesn't return -EEXIST, it's not a good behavior conceptually
> to call swapcache_prepare() in -EEXIST case, because it means clearing
> SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag while the entry is on swap cache.
> 
> This patch removes redundant codes and comments from callers of it, and
> adds VM_BUG_ON() in error path of add_to_swap_cache() and some comments.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>

Nice! I've postponed this ;(
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>

> ---
>  mm/shmem.c      |    4 +++
>  mm/swap_state.c |   75 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------
>  2 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/shmem.c b/mm/shmem.c
> index d713239..c71ac6c 100644
> --- a/mm/shmem.c
> +++ b/mm/shmem.c
> @@ -1097,6 +1097,10 @@ static int shmem_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
>  	shmem_swp_unmap(entry);
>  unlock:
>  	spin_unlock(&info->lock);
> +	/*
> +	 * add_to_swap_cache() doesn't return -EEXIST, so we can safely
> +	 * clear SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
> +	 */
>  	swapcache_free(swap, NULL);
>  redirty:
>  	set_page_dirty(page);
> diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
> index 3e6dd72..e891208 100644
> --- a/mm/swap_state.c
> +++ b/mm/swap_state.c
> @@ -96,6 +96,12 @@ int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
>  		radix_tree_preload_end();
>  
>  		if (unlikely(error)) {
> +			/*
> +			 * Only the context which have set SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
> +			 * would call add_to_swap_cache().
> +			 * So add_to_swap_cache() doesn't returns -EEXIST.
> +			 */
> +			VM_BUG_ON(error == -EEXIST);
>  			set_page_private(page, 0UL);
>  			ClearPageSwapCache(page);
>  			page_cache_release(page);
> @@ -137,38 +143,34 @@ int add_to_swap(struct page *page)
>  	VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
>  	VM_BUG_ON(!PageUptodate(page));
>  
> -	for (;;) {
> -		entry = get_swap_page();
> -		if (!entry.val)
> -			return 0;
> +	entry = get_swap_page();
> +	if (!entry.val)
> +		return 0;
>  
> +	/*
> +	 * Radix-tree node allocations from PF_MEMALLOC contexts could
> +	 * completely exhaust the page allocator. __GFP_NOMEMALLOC
> +	 * stops emergency reserves from being allocated.
> +	 *
> +	 * TODO: this could cause a theoretical memory reclaim
> +	 * deadlock in the swap out path.
> +	 */
> +	/*
> +	 * Add it to the swap cache and mark it dirty
> +	 */
> +	err = add_to_swap_cache(page, entry,
> +			__GFP_HIGH|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|__GFP_NOWARN);
> +
> +	if (!err) {	/* Success */
> +		SetPageDirty(page);
> +		return 1;
> +	} else {	/* -ENOMEM radix-tree allocation failure */
>  		/*
> -		 * Radix-tree node allocations from PF_MEMALLOC contexts could
> -		 * completely exhaust the page allocator. __GFP_NOMEMALLOC
> -		 * stops emergency reserves from being allocated.
> -		 *
> -		 * TODO: this could cause a theoretical memory reclaim
> -		 * deadlock in the swap out path.
> -		 */
> -		/*
> -		 * Add it to the swap cache and mark it dirty
> +		 * add_to_swap_cache() doesn't return -EEXIST, so we can safely
> +		 * clear SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
>  		 */
> -		err = add_to_swap_cache(page, entry,
> -				__GFP_HIGH|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|__GFP_NOWARN);
> -
> -		switch (err) {
> -		case 0:				/* Success */
> -			SetPageDirty(page);
> -			return 1;
> -		case -EEXIST:
> -			/* Raced with "speculative" read_swap_cache_async */
> -			swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
> -			continue;
> -		default:
> -			/* -ENOMEM radix-tree allocation failure */
> -			swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
> -			return 0;
> -		}
> +		swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
> +		return 0;
>  	}
>  }
>  
> @@ -298,14 +300,7 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>  		if (err)           /* swp entry is obsolete ? */
>  			break;
>  
> -		/*
> -		 * Associate the page with swap entry in the swap cache.
> -		 * May fail (-EEXIST) if there is already a page associated
> -		 * with this entry in the swap cache: added by a racing
> -		 * read_swap_cache_async, or add_to_swap or shmem_writepage
> -		 * re-using the just freed swap entry for an existing page.
> -		 * May fail (-ENOMEM) if radix-tree node allocation failed.
> -		 */
> +		/* May fail (-ENOMEM) if radix-tree node allocation failed. */
>  		__set_page_locked(new_page);
>  		SetPageSwapBacked(new_page);
>  		err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, GFP_ATOMIC);
> @@ -319,6 +314,10 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>  		}
>  		ClearPageSwapBacked(new_page);
>  		__clear_page_locked(new_page);
> +		/*
> +		 * add_to_swap_cache() doesn't return -EEXIST, so we can safely
> +		 * clear SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
> +		 */
>  		swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
>  	} while (err != -ENOMEM);
>  
> 
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Re: [BUGFIX][1/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() must not sleep

[Daisuke Nishimura]

On Mon, 10 Aug 2009 12:16:44 +0900, KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> wrote:
> On Mon, 10 Aug 2009 11:26:41 +0900
> Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp> wrote:
> 
> > After commit 355cfa73(mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag),
> > read_swap_cache_async() will busy-wait while a entry doesn't on swap cache
> > but it has SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
> > 
> > Such entries can exist on add/delete path of swap cache.
> > On add path, add_to_swap_cache() is called soon after SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
> > is set, and on delete path, swapcache_free() will be called (SWAP_HAS_CACHE
> > flag is cleared) soon after __delete_from_swap_cache() is called.
> > So, the busy-wait works well in most cases.
> > 
> yes.
> 
> > But this mechanism can cause soft lockup if add_to_swap_cache() sleeps
> > and read_swap_cache_async() tries to swap-in the same entry on the same cpu.
> > 
> Hmm..
> 
> > add_to_swap() and shmem_writepage() call add_to_swap_cache() w/o __GFP_WAIT,
> > but read_swap_cache_async() can call it w/ __GFP_WAIT, so it can cause
> > soft lockup.
> > 
> > This patch changes the gfp_mask of add_to_swap_cache() in read_swap_cache_async().
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
> 
> Thank you for catching.
> Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
> 
> But Hm...I wonder whether this is the best fix.
> 
> If I was you, I may do following.
> 
>   1. remove radix_tree_preload() and gfp_mask from add_to_swapcache().
>      Then, rename it fo __add_to_swapcache().
>      Or, move swap_duplicate() into add_to_swapcache() with a new flag.
> 
>   2. do things in following order.
> 
> 	radix_tree_peload();
> 	swap_duplicate();	# this never sleeps.
> 	add_to_swapcache()
> 	radix_tree_peload_end();
> 
>  Good point of this approach is 
> 	- we can use __GFP_WAIT in gfp_mask.
> 	- -ENOMEM means OOM, then, we should be aggressive to get a page.
> 
> How do you think ?
> 
Thank you for your suggestion. It's a good idea.

How about this one (Passed build test only) ?

If it's good for you, I'll resend it removing RFC after a long term test,
unless someone else tell me not to. 

===
From: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>

After commit 355cfa73(mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag),
read_swap_cache_async() will busy-wait while a entry doesn't on swap cache
but it has SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.

Such entries can exist on add/delete path of swap cache.
On add path, add_to_swap_cache() is called soon after SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
is set, and on delete path, swapcache_free() will be called (SWAP_HAS_CACHE
flag is cleared) soon after __delete_from_swap_cache() is called.
So, the busy-wait works well in most cases.

But this mechanism can cause soft lockup if add_to_swap_cache() sleeps
and read_swap_cache_async() tries to swap-in the same entry on the same cpu.

This patch calls radix_tree_preload() before swapcache_prepare() and divide
add_to_swap_cache() into two part: radix_tree_preload() part and
radix_tree_insert() part(define it as __add_to_swap_cache()).

Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
---
 mm/swap_state.c |   70 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 1 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
index 42cd38e..0313a13 100644
--- a/mm/swap_state.c
+++ b/mm/swap_state.c
@@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ void show_swap_cache_info(void)
 }
 
 /*
- * add_to_swap_cache resembles add_to_page_cache_locked on swapper_space,
+ * __add_to_swap_cache resembles add_to_page_cache_locked on swapper_space,
  * but sets SwapCache flag and private instead of mapping and index.
  */
-int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
+static int __add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry)
 {
 	int error;
 
@@ -77,28 +77,37 @@ int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
 	VM_BUG_ON(PageSwapCache(page));
 	VM_BUG_ON(!PageSwapBacked(page));
 
+	page_cache_get(page);
+	SetPageSwapCache(page);
+	set_page_private(page, entry.val);
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
+	error = radix_tree_insert(&swapper_space.page_tree, entry.val, page);
+	if (likely(!error)) {
+		total_swapcache_pages++;
+		__inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES);
+		INC_CACHE_INFO(add_total);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
+
+	if (unlikely(error)) {
+		set_page_private(page, 0UL);
+		ClearPageSwapCache(page);
+		page_cache_release(page);
+	}
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+
+int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
+{
+	int error;
+
 	error = radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask);
 	if (!error) {
-		page_cache_get(page);
-		SetPageSwapCache(page);
-		set_page_private(page, entry.val);
-
-		spin_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
-		error = radix_tree_insert(&swapper_space.page_tree,
-						entry.val, page);
-		if (likely(!error)) {
-			total_swapcache_pages++;
-			__inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES);
-			INC_CACHE_INFO(add_total);
-		}
-		spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
+		error = __add_to_swap_cache(page, entry);
 		radix_tree_preload_end();
-
-		if (unlikely(error)) {
-			set_page_private(page, 0UL);
-			ClearPageSwapCache(page);
-			page_cache_release(page);
-		}
 	}
 	return error;
 }
@@ -289,13 +298,24 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
 		}
 
 		/*
+		 * call radix_tree_preload() while we can wait.
+		 */
+		err = radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask & GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (err)
+			break;
+
+		/*
 		 * Swap entry may have been freed since our caller observed it.
 		 */
 		err = swapcache_prepare(entry);
-		if (err == -EEXIST) /* seems racy */
+		if (err == -EEXIST) {	/* seems racy */
+			radix_tree_preload_end();
 			continue;
-		if (err)           /* swp entry is obsolete ? */
+		}
+		if (err) {		/* swp entry is obsolete ? */
+			radix_tree_preload_end();
 			break;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * Associate the page with swap entry in the swap cache.
@@ -307,8 +327,9 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
 		 */
 		__set_page_locked(new_page);
 		SetPageSwapBacked(new_page);
-		err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, gfp_mask & GFP_KERNEL);
+		err = __add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry);
 		if (likely(!err)) {
+			radix_tree_preload_end();
 			/*
 			 * Initiate read into locked page and return.
 			 */
@@ -316,6 +337,7 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
 			swap_readpage(new_page);
 			return new_page;
 		}
+		radix_tree_preload_end();
 		ClearPageSwapBacked(new_page);
 		__clear_page_locked(new_page);
 		swapcache_free(entry, NULL);

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Re: [BUGFIX][1/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() must not sleep

[KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki]

On Mon, 10 Aug 2009 14:49:41 +0900
Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp> wrote:
> Thank you for your suggestion. It's a good idea.
> 
> How about this one (Passed build test only) ?
> 
> If it's good for you, I'll resend it removing RFC after a long term test,
> unless someone else tell me not to. 
> 

Seems very nice to me. I hope answers from swap-people is good..

Thanks,
-Kame

> ===
> From: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
> 
> After commit 355cfa73(mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag),
> read_swap_cache_async() will busy-wait while a entry doesn't on swap cache
> but it has SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag.
> 
> Such entries can exist on add/delete path of swap cache.
> On add path, add_to_swap_cache() is called soon after SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
> is set, and on delete path, swapcache_free() will be called (SWAP_HAS_CACHE
> flag is cleared) soon after __delete_from_swap_cache() is called.
> So, the busy-wait works well in most cases.
> 
> But this mechanism can cause soft lockup if add_to_swap_cache() sleeps
> and read_swap_cache_async() tries to swap-in the same entry on the same cpu.
> 
> This patch calls radix_tree_preload() before swapcache_prepare() and divide
> add_to_swap_cache() into two part: radix_tree_preload() part and
> radix_tree_insert() part(define it as __add_to_swap_cache()).
> 
> Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
> ---
>  mm/swap_state.c |   70 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------
>  1 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
> index 42cd38e..0313a13 100644
> --- a/mm/swap_state.c
> +++ b/mm/swap_state.c
> @@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ void show_swap_cache_info(void)
>  }
>  
>  /*
> - * add_to_swap_cache resembles add_to_page_cache_locked on swapper_space,
> + * __add_to_swap_cache resembles add_to_page_cache_locked on swapper_space,
>   * but sets SwapCache flag and private instead of mapping and index.
>   */
> -int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
> +static int __add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry)
>  {
>  	int error;
>  
> @@ -77,28 +77,37 @@ int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
>  	VM_BUG_ON(PageSwapCache(page));
>  	VM_BUG_ON(!PageSwapBacked(page));
>  
> +	page_cache_get(page);
> +	SetPageSwapCache(page);
> +	set_page_private(page, entry.val);
> +
> +	spin_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
> +	error = radix_tree_insert(&swapper_space.page_tree, entry.val, page);
> +	if (likely(!error)) {
> +		total_swapcache_pages++;
> +		__inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES);
> +		INC_CACHE_INFO(add_total);
> +	}
> +	spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
> +
> +	if (unlikely(error)) {
> +		set_page_private(page, 0UL);
> +		ClearPageSwapCache(page);
> +		page_cache_release(page);
> +	}
> +
> +	return error;
> +}
> +
> +
> +int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask)
> +{
> +	int error;
> +
>  	error = radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask);
>  	if (!error) {
> -		page_cache_get(page);
> -		SetPageSwapCache(page);
> -		set_page_private(page, entry.val);
> -
> -		spin_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
> -		error = radix_tree_insert(&swapper_space.page_tree,
> -						entry.val, page);
> -		if (likely(!error)) {
> -			total_swapcache_pages++;
> -			__inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES);
> -			INC_CACHE_INFO(add_total);
> -		}
> -		spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
> +		error = __add_to_swap_cache(page, entry);
>  		radix_tree_preload_end();
> -
> -		if (unlikely(error)) {
> -			set_page_private(page, 0UL);
> -			ClearPageSwapCache(page);
> -			page_cache_release(page);
> -		}
>  	}
>  	return error;
>  }
> @@ -289,13 +298,24 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>  		}
>  
>  		/*
> +		 * call radix_tree_preload() while we can wait.
> +		 */
> +		err = radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask & GFP_KERNEL);
> +		if (err)
> +			break;
> +
> +		/*
>  		 * Swap entry may have been freed since our caller observed it.
>  		 */
>  		err = swapcache_prepare(entry);
> -		if (err == -EEXIST) /* seems racy */
> +		if (err == -EEXIST) {	/* seems racy */
> +			radix_tree_preload_end();
>  			continue;
> -		if (err)           /* swp entry is obsolete ? */
> +		}
> +		if (err) {		/* swp entry is obsolete ? */
> +			radix_tree_preload_end();
>  			break;
> +		}
>  
>  		/*
>  		 * Associate the page with swap entry in the swap cache.
> @@ -307,8 +327,9 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>  		 */
>  		__set_page_locked(new_page);
>  		SetPageSwapBacked(new_page);
> -		err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, gfp_mask & GFP_KERNEL);
> +		err = __add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry);
>  		if (likely(!err)) {
> +			radix_tree_preload_end();
>  			/*
>  			 * Initiate read into locked page and return.
>  			 */
> @@ -316,6 +337,7 @@ struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask,
>  			swap_readpage(new_page);
>  			return new_page;
>  		}
> +		radix_tree_preload_end();
>  		ClearPageSwapBacked(new_page);
>  		__clear_page_locked(new_page);
>  		swapcache_free(entry, NULL);
> 

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Re: [cleanup][2/2] mm: add_to_swap_cache() does not return -EEXIST

[Daisuke Nishimura]

Andrew, this is a minor fix for mm-add_to_swap_cache-does-not-return-eexist.patch.

It didn't catch up with the change in [1/2](mm-add_to_swap_cache-must-not-sleep.patch).

===
From: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>

fix indent size.

Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
---
 mm/swap_state.c |   12 ++++++------
 1 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
index ff5bd8c..6d1daeb 100644
--- a/mm/swap_state.c
+++ b/mm/swap_state.c
@@ -92,12 +92,12 @@ static int __add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry)
 	spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock);
 
 	if (unlikely(error)) {
-			/*
-			 * Only the context which have set SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
-			 * would call add_to_swap_cache().
-			 * So add_to_swap_cache() doesn't returns -EEXIST.
-			 */
-			VM_BUG_ON(error == -EEXIST);
+		/*
+		 * Only the context which have set SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag
+		 * would call add_to_swap_cache().
+		 * So add_to_swap_cache() doesn't returns -EEXIST.
+		 */
+		VM_BUG_ON(error == -EEXIST);
 		set_page_private(page, 0UL);
 		ClearPageSwapCache(page);
 		page_cache_release(page);

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