From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Date: Wed, 25 May 2005 12:59:25 -0300 From: Marcelo Tosatti Subject: visual representation of swap area allocation Message-ID: <20050525155925.GA16874@logos.cnet> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="gKMricLos+KVdGMg" Content-Disposition: inline Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Return-Path: To: akpm@osdl.org, Hugh Dickins Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org List-ID: --gKMricLos+KVdGMg Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Disposition: inline Hi, Due to personal interest, I've hacked up a small program to generate a visual representation of swap area allocation. Results are quite interesting to me, so I've decided to share them with you. Test program is memtest's "fillmem" (on a 512/512 mem/swap machine). kernel is 2.6.11-rc4. stock_second_stage.png: stock allocator after fillmem's first stage akpm_first_stage.png: akpm's stock_first_stage.png: stock allocator after fillmem's second stage akpm_second_stage.png: akpm's "Legend": White: free Red: used Black: past end of area I wonder about the noticeable periodic white regions on akpm's allocator, my guess is that its due to "properties" of the hash function. Collisions could explain that ? Note there is a matching red region for each white region. There is no noticeable performance difference between the two allocators with the "fillmem" workload on my tests. --gKMricLos+KVdGMg Content-Type: image/png Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="akpm_first_stage.png" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAoAAAAHgAgMAAABIvzR3AAAACVBMVEUAAAD/////AADNXrec AAAHiklEQVR4nO2d23aqMBBA+5H1hf9jLZZfeU6pVgy5zGTuOPuhrQrJjpOQIVL8uhG5y7J9 uRccb7NS20BpRgTBn/opDtN1X0ZQnMmGL3EEJwtgYlm6rQsh6JrPEPx/kFqkesC3f0HARv1u LAsom7EVZCmGGsg2LH1QVhCw0eBYKgqsD5oK2tUN4mqCHNk/DuQothD8/Y3S1GTzL0javR/y 4tWphII4k2gIPv4geQqy+RdUq2omwGzZjKTg86+FeBAWatbmX1CoYC5CCZJjTCmglROHEmyw DoqQJZQgORtdBunAo57T8+vby4EFXZKCSE7dTDGbAVERxAwCA2PUp502ggaVNqkc6Hz1waog IsRUZrL+aILWMT6z+RfEbc8VOTDYUWwgyFoc/6Gcft2MuCB7kbzEE2SN+ATxBb0RUFD/s5pu jAMKOiMF8bxH3Nc5yU4piO7F1NV2XEIxkc1oC6I2V+LQHId98F4IokNEzidQMZ7og9qCuDdf h0NrrtgH9yiRYowhqKB1iA/UR7G11QGbUYyYLG1GMUoQsNHfkRVcLF9bcFcBmwjylYUBHGSr mQQhCA4bgmVlawnz+qCEIFtRMsQVNFwBectEmqPYj+D+qyVUfXp/Uuuj2c2/oFTJ0IC2uO9v 2l1uJmETfDxe3stdyguiysfU+qF9ZPMvCNtuAvKBai9CMJvhEpzZdeEQgMV4LptRFZyNoBIX F1TIKGijWEWw9ixTxZS2P6mPYleCHKXMAmik7QorSJAaxx5Q0c4xW+a8mFUQWogR4QWJMaZ/ 7hhe0JyPFyRPmtIzCYMgbX/xFRDqTKIgKFwBNcbi2Qxd8Eb7cFU6xpt/QeEKqHyCIKF/7H2k GEbFsGIYxdKCwxLILSABmEmsBW3r/6H79ni48mggeAqltxC7F7Stf6eXUHjogwPB5kt8F5BR 5DvHQS+ClL0VuIogV7DL9Ha8B3AUWwruv4gGgnn/5l8QtBlFHrrhs66pjNpSkFD3wQIbOTBM q/ySgmJF8xBPcDbGUn0knqA3PlCQGOsS/nMSdsHTU41TGO6GAKnMJN4EjSo+U39jXJwX/9IS rAdUgDlt2WsWWATn9lPjUoLgWHJ2DMwoNhJ8/W35DQtNNv+CiI0t/oUDNZPYCB4eeIzx5l/Q 2mBANEHtIVBQ6WPRBP3xaYKtQzn0X6jPMf40QX4CCg6CMIL7JhvnbIZYIL8gcgedwL5Anxfr C2rXOKA8UDlam/nlLIgMscS9cJbOyAwoaJ33r6MPE90LDrnPH8zv+H0jClrH+J3KTOJNEL9P p0nI+IFC7F6Qv0zWPiKxys8syFkaAuhSnlk2AxcUiBHnDQ6qfdCXIFFGugVR7p5X7nHXvIvk mUOMN/+C+gFGkYK/zMZ61RrFFMHZfWmAm6Z4zcKs4EzEFHi2xN3azJOXoE2IwTG26oMIwbkI qHFhQVpW2ltxe2N+FKsJtotwQXsUuxG0NhgQX3B+LPD0kfiCgoAONZbZDFBwOoRDWGIsmc0w CXKUIsiHCzL0E9lRzCLYeAFUh2TjHjRHsR/B3qv0A8U4hgP6fdCFIGw7s/8jgs4khoLydZBw uzbz5K8Prvg7DHAwFNz8C8LfbRNSkEoEQdl/Y6HOlhEEiUi2Loxg9XtmHuA7QLEHMcYxBD1z GUGz75WC5oOGgvQy5uMHgGN1S1hQtPhfKK1XOSehCf78JF7EI9m4zb+gZOkMhBGkxZjKFQTd 8pmCnNEXmUl4BUGb2V0fAMxmLAVJu9/WZTmutfPntcQ+qCEI284sxtCM2lDQquaSZoitxZ4Q +yDXd+yhCSPo5FKyM5t/Qa2a8H0kjuB6eOyOEIJQ0DGqROwFMOQSd89jFiRW2zbggfPqNyFB kWL5iClISQy4k4rqKPYliNjYIqNAjWIbweMj7PuvwLd/QcTGDJfroUH1QRtB1uK67Zu6+Ir5 vFhCsF4QaOcu1SM2vo/U+qAzQfQuulxPkH8NpF8gehTrCxZPIH3FOY1ia6GSiUHCGt8hEzOJ tmD5DFpYlvNMYm1UcL0DtTY1QZ3e3+QCgq6IKWh2NWMlxjEFPRFT0DjEb7CvD3IztcqvuQIy tcqvK6hY2QxXFewNI8A2iD5yVUFx/tri57qZdw6CnWDJAY+x0Z3LMIIzAVAkBccwrw/qCzZe uP8M9fK7d5ZnYUvxfFkZXzrRu9eHE0G2opAIXDdjJNh8afTB1uAxlUc7OjOJF0GrEAOJLEg5 +VwYzl3jC/ogBQnsncRBNtPkIUjty/OAMgqzuynDBWlh6EI90lxfcL2tJAdIjK8tqMH1BaUX 3MkzibygZOkMZ5+yMwmLIL0MCsM2WmczAMF2fFDRbEBuQacPehEkFyFLfEGtj2Zb9cQXtCYF qQQSnB0NwtcHBBIUY7LhDxSyGaogbf+bdIwZMmppQdHi6cQQNL6YbOkJfPsXvO1fI9rFNsTu BTlKIfaR3ukZz0wiKkgrGwah7Tqr/CRBws4vhBq2xBEUquCP+aZHEfTLZQQ5PtX6Ab7HEkxQ OuMyE/z+Ese9YJIkSZIkSZIkSZIkSZIkSZIkSZIkSZIkSZIkSZIkSXI1/gGX7SoCsf0BQwAA AABJRU5ErkJggg== --gKMricLos+KVdGMg Content-Type: image/png Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="akpm_second_stage.png" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAoAAAAHgAgMAAABIvzR3AAAACVBMVEUAAAD/////AADNXrec AAAIeElEQVR4nO2d2barKBBAz0cm/ZD/cy1XvrJvEk0UGWqiqtDaD903UWBzCgEn8ndn8uzL /OdesHMBbxj1v/kXfP9vYmQhwqNUt9m/YJ+g/mNKPiJsN/t2bINSgvyOAl5ywae2cQjBZgbc GnCAjCTGggKZQGNZ4pNL/igSOYr7CnJzbxbMgz+b6S4okUsekfGz52xGSBCyV7UrhaSn1xLW Bk0F6WkTGBEtVmCSbIO9BEEh4LZ3eoxn/4LkpDqE4A9aZ6VzXswSXP6x5mJFqVqzf0HJKNb4 9VSPZqe12VmvDZIF69vhyFVgx5iCwkUv3CdKvYcQlBLowhCCQGyugCDOi60ERbP7VwtKHCsI jyQ9BIUzrEBqI12vzcgIUlJ14FWD3PfnErQ4+TyXYJOcTbFWj+O28wsa3HPEjSQmgqLZYWoL Q3gk6SEon+cHoebQ77xYTHD/uX1SXYV7tf3YRtI26FCwV4iFGE+QHSNm+vTs/nAUM/PvIIg2 0AU/kqgLHr6idjRLOmZHlZIZSbwJYlMoXAHZlPLAt0F1weNmUA5lZGVHFPxi+kjUytCCVrza ybevUrzbCSYRxHYzry6AOavFJB9Q8Cn1uJ0Mx5HEnSApmdiE4BPuT4eW3YF4FGsK5lKRpKvc qYHPzmZ8CcqKfJmEKnxVwfJR8QQcYY/NewpXFazKoyI+rGArCi3QXXnprkVpJHEkSBNQOx2g XuVXFOyTr8h7SNO93zmJoCAtxMjOIgMwPbUNKgoWN2W9ypsKu5JZsqm0QS+CkMJ6ALznM7Ig N0YyVI5ia7UP76M4HaDXHmD9qPckwHGOcfMv2LE0mRC7FxTJhgSo5VheYQUKQmIEiqg8r6Kr bdCHoHZgN+RinPZpplf5YYLVvzEuJOI8W/2gC0HDEEO4pOD0O6Hix/iSgqJcXpAd4zEEWa/P 5/NNPy8cSmpeABlDsCsHTdyfo/9shi0ovygYKsNWjGf/ghJhbAJ1fhz2VppRcwShl3KnbRaE snNMuQz3zP4FgX5WXEGw78tspxDEG3xTLVfKGXWA9IPGgsbL97WY/QvC9tsF6fUFPEi8a/DQ sdhQ8O47xrN/QWuDBoMIckcrtkZZ4OZfUMWA/hc4i+AB8UVHSpxB8D1l4saYDOB+sbWgWdEf SmezKyHI5bKC1F7lQLcnMOUES1vYKxIkEGta7gfdCBITauHxzcQddg84AhlJ0OfJ5+xfEL4v I1D0KdupBE04lyB3+FtyQYEaSWwEy9s2/U4jl449VO2szokgJ3XD+8D5Be1+YeEsgg4ZTJD9 hAo9xtMu/S/Hm3/BTc5cPQBo8dm/IDpJb/Y1cnhenAoqxHULVldzRW+iIDYFiF9/le25Kve4 047qhILKCxbjj2J1wfQb/pQJ94jolKwnlJR/PIrdCfYtv+lXGWDfBRFGEm1ByeL2eRPZx7jT SCIpiA6xLlcTnI4xYnI1QXkGFxTpcnjURxJruztxkc5J8Z4PZSRRFpTKCV9REHLnxd0EO2Vc B15v9fNivCA+mAqs0zXRX4CWZCsoESPaCx2/lBVV8spleoJJB7G8emf9fMBuRW/ngujo6DKu oHGIP0xjCWauKh7vq7RqAK8ePsTuBQtyZFgXmb6lV57A9CLI9ejMCIKNYNLD9AQ8qbuUnV3g ahhBWbbFQnbNrlOyST+m4LIb/yEVgevt2XOSZZsTQXr5KrNaxnmxlmBhAy466c/gLVW4tCAI VCU2rH+EEOzN5PK5mQ21kyYY/dcxHl3Q+gpIcyTxIEhMKBnGGuSjWE+wvt08xq3ZjANBa4NG R2U/kjQF69v5MP3732liC26XnzIQaPVXN/+CdDUVRhCcarMmwMk3N8Z1Zv+CjR34ox1vTtsc SewFWcnfMCtQR2Ik6SzYNfs3KqvnGQqmMcLn8ZB5rTfP7F+QGjgMDHmdGTVLELN3r+XAKnXD 9YMmgtLhFOayglMzdkAuKyhGCMJYbkhkphX212be1ARhXeluOrDkiumKyecN0JHEUJCa8vm7 lTWVfjgus0z0caf9tmsJajCg4PL3xhwB1RhdT7AE8eTx1T99rk1dQLCtkIu82F2xEwi6ZDxB 5VUKmjEeT9Ab1xSkNpNch9XlnERWEJGBxfMBqKtbNoKSuXXoo2TbYBdB+TyLUKYVowlKxluG 2b8ganf9qQTyKLYQ3H9G6WqQjiTWPgfQI4lecD+gRxJ9QeEMkfVtIv70m7ygdI45GBU+2f1i CMJ1k38CU1xQOENpRhSU+nU9mbaSOYq9CaIT6p58Eo5ibcHjd2jlBIk8dqulOBfEJ1aNMWnl Ml3BzJfmvzO68cjOZnwJokrdL07PKTjHku/uuzEFzd+0Gl6wiUwNQMfiqIIiAs9frOg5FEYS T4K0dGrX4ajnxYqC67/Wojm5HZbBotV+y+xfkJ9HV04gSIx2CDZZRKZtj4PofaCj5cCCu7Iw /TKpDy9WrTySuBGkZPdCaVZLv8KqJljcVLNb9+k3Z1jLr8xmvAiSkq9inDf+YG2E2AY1BUG7 GXF38z5JgTvvThP3p+hBMebcaVIS5AWhK69auG6DH0FWjJgdNWA2PLigdYyfraPY2u7JOoon lVU2GEexlmB7HwbMCjy7rxolIcjPg0E7xsYjCUQQHCO1a5bbBY6abdCBoHZUs5Qr72Q2UxOU DE4HjH6nCY6TNlgmBLkPqPQ/itmC5nev68z+Ba0NGoTgDpdHMVuwvY9mFQ5AxmJjQdPiU47T LifzwZWcIKChWiqD5oO2gq//AiS3pIHo+atdN/+CSDltBhF0POWa/Qu290ma8CP/dZNMNqAQ uxdMy3XG7F9Qtzxks9CfzRAE9wHGtvz/vAve/rrjXjAIgiAIgiAIgiAIgiAIgiAIgiAIgiAI giAIgiAIgiA4G/8DsHEKF69cqXwAAAAASUVORK5CYII= --gKMricLos+KVdGMg Content-Type: image/png Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="stock_first_stage.png" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAoAAAAHgAgMAAABIvzR3AAAACVBMVEUAAAD/////AADNXrec AAABwElEQVR4nO3OsQmAQBAAwS/ST6xQrNLYeBEOmck223W/nPcw13r3+MFxDFYGK4OVwcpg ZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYG K4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAy WBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OV wcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAyWBmsDFYGK4OVwcpgZbAymOy9 j/mDezaDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHK YGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxW BiuDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHKYGWwMlgZrAxWBiuDlcHKYGWw qoPH+tz4QQAAAAAAAAAAAAD+5gE0N66LdtkNIgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg== --gKMricLos+KVdGMg Content-Type: image/png Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="stock_second_stage.png" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAoAAAAHgAgMAAABIvzR3AAAACVBMVEUAAAD/////AADNXrec AAAGW0lEQVR4nO2dbZKjOgxFe5F5f7K/VFFZ5TzSCc2HbMu+MkjOPTU11U1APkbGGEPonyfI 4z8dr5X3S/5+ub+Dzf/WTD8BBJftP2GO7AtKflpDqWpxBKtQFX2vDHrgz/3mXzBZiLb191H8 MPkXbN82J4h6LXsngCCUyf9TWbm93HLSpgEEdbu8vQqlTQsFDyGoDlZdUUVXpjmTXCwoLLwX N9uASmctIwniZydtjWpKmvwLSktTO72ut4FrPAeRj2JXglVl2gpo6htI8J5d3SRdLZEm/4K5 YGX+DiezQf4IgglUxrjnto+ruS6+SPBYBlzE0zCadF3sTPBppgUi1yqCIB5OyXEIoihnXEEd rbMCf+fd6vnB8wWVu1rrAddppxpEULvj+15hrsoJLYg6wGx1AgjCAZNpK3TmuoGZQUftXjBN XlBn+d2CL+rPdhQsIiQ6WY3OoxkLQXGxwUwHXI1HaMEP5RZuo5EuM7pgF4+q9pO+4+5GEC1a ZFO3qq56b/+tgnZEFDS5xy8k63sEz0NTh68XhJMdRLDiuLC+zfAhuKAGXTxzAguuMtHpPqGK MILg5XUDxRKDCV5C2fGimYU6wesnfR+/Mx/yoTj5FzxTRXf4bTi3DTYJbholyLbVNz8AvU72 5F8QF3nFbFfIE1ZQkR5VBluqv/FIHcWOBDXF/NJntF/YRDs/eKFgMaqJWvO3FRRnkqsF3zv6 2oH9i20DuAcTrMFKRHWdEVTQSkFH8gHpudHJ/aArwVNE2osYXFB2zQy9KNidQ6O5dGZBQBAs NvBDxswlxFLfKyvGg1cLosU1s9ERpfGO2r1gMVn4EC6AYKkM04OiXjiAIFr8jnJ9ZdadGT55 5F6w/dUH1TmOKIiUDvvskUYz3gQbZQy/oVH/lgD/guJzsCANO2HeLHVd7EgQLdjKenlUebvG kIINyZK6IF1hoQWbRGaW+TWQOU7uutiJYH35h2xZiKSIK7jdqqfCofqblaMJ9hDJv6Njv+6e yb8g6lRJwiNJVEFlo+71vOiKxJnEk6C8XNsvdB3HzvphBc9yWJUiLw8kaO9RPQUgRZ38C0IO FhXLM4bgxuecJ6KWSKp7ddcKXv+Q7ayTbCgengIuCGqjaDIr5PoBpnwgwTxLq7aL9DlIDOye XQWT2TnvtadC2YtmSMFzZ3ultVexpDlqZ4L9FV7Il/RlRhVU8sB7nfEFH+pkZUk2DfhM0l/Q /uyUpWYyLozgLsDF7AwOZxJ/gvUh2p8ZaNgFQwoWeZuYxBpbcJ22XikfQlB1UPSaEYkmqChE kU3LocPNv2C+rFTmUAU1pWdYHQgmPrDReMABkiNqP4K7zDWNBDpe6ocSLHcgvSdFBINQgmco bNDE2/eDDgWzHyOje90QbHTBpzJnyvcDNRBHMBtela1mhzdyJW/+Bde/aY4J1KOSyb+gecj6 rkluQffxBbMmVm/fQOaoTxKsTkjtXyZEX9LpXnD+/9HwHJOdw4vdLljdjnUveKXHyij1QWDB Di4tITN/x92LIOpR9irxBYKbcA3dUff3UbsX7E+6RhSUeSwmpRZz0ftmagTt2/WLZIl1HdE9 dSZxJAiKHFKE1mzHiIJCs372exRjIEGxvfcnuOA7m3ACgVfiBBTs/bxdmt1LOsMKnshLpLDO CIINyTokqp0Ago2TRsJ7JFGXqIIVK5/f+dzTT334EZSWox7AZOj7lsRSlZiCLbMbiW0Muhn3 gkJky+HVwriCy49LJHWGdV/llTZMlCEsv/kXXP2i7UjBBvBM9UNS05r8C+Kl1aDbAyvOnh9s ELRM3SORp/ooMQVP/SKLlsm/YMXK4pU1wByvtM5YglfwHYK/KYfDiO+MGFNwfahkBmcm/c6Y gmdCQRQKolAQhYIoFEShIAoFUSiIQkEUCqJQEIWCKBREoSAKBVEoiEJBFAqiUBCFgigURKEg CgVRKIhCQRQKolAQhYIoFEShIAoFUSiIQkEUCqJEFgS/vWFE5jtNXgSvNihAQRQKolAQhYIo FEShIAoFUSiIQkEUCqJQEIWCKBREoSAKBVEoiEJBFAqiUBCFgigURKEgCgVRKIhCQRQKolAQ hYIoFEShIAoFUSiIQkEUCqJQEIWCKBREoSAKBVFQwdtPd9wLEkIIIYQQQgghhBBCCCGEEEII IYQQQgghhJDR+Ae4XQ+n6MuDHwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg== --gKMricLos+KVdGMg-- -- To unsubscribe, send a message with 'unsubscribe linux-mm' in the body to majordomo@kvack.org. For more info on Linux MM, see: http://www.linux-mm.org/ . Don't email: aart@kvack.org