From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.0 (2014-02-07) on aws-us-west-2-korg-lkml-1.web.codeaurora.org Received: from kanga.kvack.org (kanga.kvack.org [205.233.56.17]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.lore.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 008C31061B04 for ; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 14:40:15 +0000 (UTC) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) id 6A30A6B00A6; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 10:40:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 40) id 67A246B00A7; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 10:40:15 -0400 (EDT) X-Delivered-To: int-list-linux-mm@kvack.org Received: by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix, from userid 63042) id 590F06B00A8; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 10:40:15 -0400 (EDT) X-Delivered-To: linux-mm@kvack.org Received: from relay.hostedemail.com (smtprelay0011.hostedemail.com [216.40.44.11]) by kanga.kvack.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 477116B00A6 for ; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 10:40:15 -0400 (EDT) Received: from smtpin28.hostedemail.com (a10.router.float.18 [10.200.18.1]) by unirelay04.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 12BD61A07A3 for ; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 14:40:15 +0000 (UTC) X-FDA: 84602989590.28.6CDA275 Received: from sea.source.kernel.org (sea.source.kernel.org [172.234.252.31]) by imf01.hostedemail.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5EBC140013 for ; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 14:40:13 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: imf01.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b=Mr0bhzOC; spf=pass (imf01.hostedemail.com: domain of david@kernel.org designates 172.234.252.31 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=david@kernel.org; dmarc=pass (policy=quarantine) header.from=kernel.org ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=hostedemail.com; s=arc-20220608; t=1774881613; h=from:from:sender:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date: message-id:message-id:to:to:cc:mime-version:mime-version: content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references:dkim-signature; bh=PQEwpAdOtErCs2uht+fY3XnhJaE4gKVVLvFBWhCjdJ4=; b=BxLoHy8dFK8Aa5P0FxZjozbgA33XnZAa2Zq2NizlDTaZsX9suvyEURcnB6u+d6nS+4lXdF A9FR6U8yCwnQJkLYImbmoWY/JbIPf+BP+aMg2nrEuHDeCAsNzx8iPBJyAiCJILiHlazV+Z UyESrtmAWCMz0HOZqRn+rwbFly5JPX8= ARC-Seal: i=1; s=arc-20220608; d=hostedemail.com; t=1774881613; a=rsa-sha256; cv=none; b=ynqVtGCif9CbaRGYSnG9C6YggZC/5KoXrNb2hqtPFmuWiLhAacNt9xZM/13CqD2sB+cTJA dJWKFe+bms5gjNNY2ACI6yil9PyH7xijtclSFzyVKl5IIhu4XXfMmelm0BE9ety3/Torug k9N9YnZY0f2KI+NHXc/e3kP3xXr4DXQ= ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; imf01.hostedemail.com; dkim=pass header.d=kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b=Mr0bhzOC; spf=pass (imf01.hostedemail.com: domain of david@kernel.org designates 172.234.252.31 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=david@kernel.org; dmarc=pass (policy=quarantine) header.from=kernel.org Received: from smtp.kernel.org (transwarp.subspace.kernel.org [100.75.92.58]) by sea.source.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5E68040A8C; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 14:40:12 +0000 (UTC) Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 9D278C4CEF7; Mon, 30 Mar 2026 14:40:08 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=kernel.org; s=k20201202; t=1774881612; bh=hPMlz0sv1WZCrJthrxFzLRZrCnBnLEucQe2yPiuFRrg=; h=Date:Subject:To:References:From:In-Reply-To:From; b=Mr0bhzOCM+faC9EzaczJiL6lHFEuQLvIE2LzMyEKb59F549f5zAO6cuVNhef6Y94A umPWez+Ixm9KqUIJqr1N7eT7qvPVcNO0BnancIKCUdXWoWmnjMmdu4zTRgDNcGa+So tByUeZ1VuYCakPMojk+PaOavsW1BWYQWin9KayJWElqkPFkT/d27+pPXj3rqDLUfXi CJx/PsfdJ1HfHIX6SXBTh0SHoRIcdfNsUqfo1c0DEK1sph6cnv8yhFKdlZHnE/paUN vJP4VJdCDPU/YIaExzxqN0m6H+2P6YLGSQjsNtMsPYqIUsYJ1MZOBPTle+35kLw0Lg RCtsJ4z4zLMtw== Message-ID: <10888c66-add3-4142-939a-8f4557566bd9@kernel.org> Date: Mon, 30 Mar 2026 16:40:07 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 User-Agent: Mozilla Thunderbird Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 3/3] mm/page_alloc: Optimize __free_contig_frozen_range() To: Muhammad Usama Anjum , Andrew Morton , Lorenzo Stoakes , "Liam R . Howlett" , Vlastimil Babka , Mike Rapoport , Suren Baghdasaryan , Michal Hocko , Brendan Jackman , Johannes Weiner , Zi Yan , Uladzislau Rezki , Nick Terrell , David Sterba , Vishal Moola , linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, bpf@vger.kernel.org, Ryan.Roberts@arm.com, david.hildenbrand@arm.com References: <20260327125720.2270651-1-usama.anjum@arm.com> <20260327125720.2270651-4-usama.anjum@arm.com> From: "David Hildenbrand (Arm)" Content-Language: en-US Autocrypt: addr=david@kernel.org; keydata= xsFNBFXLn5EBEAC+zYvAFJxCBY9Tr1xZgcESmxVNI/0ffzE/ZQOiHJl6mGkmA1R7/uUpiCjJ dBrn+lhhOYjjNefFQou6478faXE6o2AhmebqT4KiQoUQFV4R7y1KMEKoSyy8hQaK1umALTdL QZLQMzNE74ap+GDK0wnacPQFpcG1AE9RMq3aeErY5tujekBS32jfC/7AnH7I0v1v1TbbK3Gp XNeiN4QroO+5qaSr0ID2sz5jtBLRb15RMre27E1ImpaIv2Jw8NJgW0k/D1RyKCwaTsgRdwuK Kx/Y91XuSBdz0uOyU/S8kM1+ag0wvsGlpBVxRR/xw/E8M7TEwuCZQArqqTCmkG6HGcXFT0V9 PXFNNgV5jXMQRwU0O/ztJIQqsE5LsUomE//bLwzj9IVsaQpKDqW6TAPjcdBDPLHvriq7kGjt WhVhdl0qEYB8lkBEU7V2Yb+SYhmhpDrti9Fq1EsmhiHSkxJcGREoMK/63r9WLZYI3+4W2rAc UucZa4OT27U5ZISjNg3Ev0rxU5UH2/pT4wJCfxwocmqaRr6UYmrtZmND89X0KigoFD/XSeVv jwBRNjPAubK9/k5NoRrYqztM9W6sJqrH8+UWZ1Idd/DdmogJh0gNC0+N42Za9yBRURfIdKSb B3JfpUqcWwE7vUaYrHG1nw54pLUoPG6sAA7Mehl3nd4pZUALHwARAQABzS5EYXZpZCBIaWxk ZW5icmFuZCAoQ3VycmVudCkgPGRhdmlkQGtlcm5lbC5vcmc+wsGQBBMBCAA6AhsDBQkmWAik AgsJBBUKCQgCFgICHgUCF4AWIQQb2cqtc1xMOkYN/MpN3hD3AP+DWgUCaYJt/AIZAQAKCRBN 3hD3AP+DWriiD/9BLGEKG+N8L2AXhikJg6YmXom9ytRwPqDgpHpVg2xdhopoWdMRXjzOrIKD g4LSnFaKneQD0hZhoArEeamG5tyo32xoRsPwkbpIzL0OKSZ8G6mVbFGpjmyDLQCAxteXCLXz ZI0VbsuJKelYnKcXWOIndOrNRvE5eoOfTt2XfBnAapxMYY2IsV+qaUXlO63GgfIOg8RBaj7x 3NxkI3rV0SHhI4GU9K6jCvGghxeS1QX6L/XI9mfAYaIwGy5B68kF26piAVYv/QZDEVIpo3t7 /fjSpxKT8plJH6rhhR0epy8dWRHk3qT5tk2P85twasdloWtkMZ7FsCJRKWscm1BLpsDn6EQ4 jeMHECiY9kGKKi8dQpv3FRyo2QApZ49NNDbwcR0ZndK0XFo15iH708H5Qja/8TuXCwnPWAcJ DQoNIDFyaxe26Rx3ZwUkRALa3iPcVjE0//TrQ4KnFf+lMBSrS33xDDBfevW9+Dk6IISmDH1R HFq2jpkN+FX/PE8eVhV68B2DsAPZ5rUwyCKUXPTJ/irrCCmAAb5Jpv11S7hUSpqtM/6oVESC 3z/7CzrVtRODzLtNgV4r5EI+wAv/3PgJLlMwgJM90Fb3CB2IgbxhjvmB1WNdvXACVydx55V7 LPPKodSTF29rlnQAf9HLgCphuuSrrPn5VQDaYZl4N/7zc2wcWM7BTQRVy5+RARAA59fefSDR 9nMGCb9LbMX+TFAoIQo/wgP5XPyzLYakO+94GrgfZjfhdaxPXMsl2+o8jhp/hlIzG56taNdt VZtPp3ih1AgbR8rHgXw1xwOpuAd5lE1qNd54ndHuADO9a9A0vPimIes78Hi1/yy+ZEEvRkHk /kDa6F3AtTc1m4rbbOk2fiKzzsE9YXweFjQvl9p+AMw6qd/iC4lUk9g0+FQXNdRs+o4o6Qvy iOQJfGQ4UcBuOy1IrkJrd8qq5jet1fcM2j4QvsW8CLDWZS1L7kZ5gT5EycMKxUWb8LuRjxzZ 3QY1aQH2kkzn6acigU3HLtgFyV1gBNV44ehjgvJpRY2cC8VhanTx0dZ9mj1YKIky5N+C0f21 zvntBqcxV0+3p8MrxRRcgEtDZNav+xAoT3G0W4SahAaUTWXpsZoOecwtxi74CyneQNPTDjNg azHmvpdBVEfj7k3p4dmJp5i0U66Onmf6mMFpArvBRSMOKU9DlAzMi4IvhiNWjKVaIE2Se9BY FdKVAJaZq85P2y20ZBd08ILnKcj7XKZkLU5FkoA0udEBvQ0f9QLNyyy3DZMCQWcwRuj1m73D sq8DEFBdZ5eEkj1dCyx+t/ga6x2rHyc8Sl86oK1tvAkwBNsfKou3v+jP/l14a7DGBvrmlYjO 59o3t6inu6H7pt7OL6u6BQj7DoMAEQEAAcLBfAQYAQgAJgIbDBYhBBvZyq1zXEw6Rg38yk3e EPcA/4NaBQJonNqrBQkmWAihAAoJEE3eEPcA/4NaKtMQALAJ8PzprBEXbXcEXwDKQu+P/vts IfUb1UNMfMV76BicGa5NCZnJNQASDP/+bFg6O3gx5NbhHHPeaWz/VxlOmYHokHodOvtL0WCC 8A5PEP8tOk6029Z+J+xUcMrJClNVFpzVvOpb1lCbhjwAV465Hy+NUSbbUiRxdzNQtLtgZzOV Zw7jxUCs4UUZLQTCuBpFgb15bBxYZ/BL9MbzxPxvfUQIPbnzQMcqtpUs21CMK2PdfCh5c4gS sDci6D5/ZIBw94UQWmGpM/O1ilGXde2ZzzGYl64glmccD8e87OnEgKnH3FbnJnT4iJchtSvx yJNi1+t0+qDti4m88+/9IuPqCKb6Stl+s2dnLtJNrjXBGJtsQG/sRpqsJz5x1/2nPJSRMsx9 5YfqbdrJSOFXDzZ8/r82HgQEtUvlSXNaXCa95ez0UkOG7+bDm2b3s0XahBQeLVCH0mw3RAQg r7xDAYKIrAwfHHmMTnBQDPJwVqxJjVNr7yBic4yfzVWGCGNE4DnOW0vcIeoyhy9vnIa3w1uZ 3iyY2Nsd7JxfKu1PRhCGwXzRw5TlfEsoRI7V9A8isUCoqE2Dzh3FvYHVeX4Us+bRL/oqareJ CIFqgYMyvHj7Q06kTKmauOe4Nf0l0qEkIuIzfoLJ3qr5UyXc2hLtWyT9Ir+lYlX9efqh7mOY qIws/H2t In-Reply-To: <20260327125720.2270651-4-usama.anjum@arm.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 5EBC140013 X-Stat-Signature: 43uth141r76ssbckr1i5tnur3pci4s19 X-Rspam-User: X-Rspamd-Server: rspam07 X-HE-Tag: 1774881613-728906 X-HE-Meta: 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 G7c1ezYy reZpAuLsTa6MJg3ZyzBCBo/j7iQcIfNe+1XIXFXFegVWT/Za4Yfq9G7QUO1qJMBo4CTqIkviQBLmzgqg= Sender: owner-linux-mm@kvack.org Precedence: bulk X-Loop: owner-majordomo@kvack.org List-ID: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: On 3/27/26 13:57, Muhammad Usama Anjum wrote: > Apply the same batch-freeing optimization from free_contig_range() to the > frozen page path. The previous __free_contig_frozen_range() freed each > order-0 page individually via free_frozen_pages(), which is slow for the > same reason the old free_contig_range() was: each page goes to the > order-0 pcp list rather than being coalesced into higher-order blocks. > > Rewrite __free_contig_frozen_range() to call free_pages_prepare() for > each order-0 page, then batch the prepared pages into the largest > possible power-of-2 aligned chunks via free_prepared_contig_range(). > If free_pages_prepare() fails (e.g. HWPoison, bad page) the page is > deliberately not freed; it should not be returned to the allocator. > > I've tested CMA through debugfs. The test allocates 16384 pages per > allocation for several iterations. There is 3.5x improvement. > > Before: 1406 usec per iteration > After: 402 usec per iteration > > Before: > > 70.89% 0.69% cma [kernel.kallsyms] [.] free_contig_frozen_range > | > |--70.20%--free_contig_frozen_range > | | > | |--46.41%--__free_frozen_pages > | | | > | | --36.18%--free_frozen_page_commit > | | | > | | --29.63%--_raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore > | | > | |--8.76%--_raw_spin_trylock > | | > | |--7.03%--__preempt_count_dec_and_test > | | > | |--4.57%--_raw_spin_unlock > | | > | |--1.96%--__get_pfnblock_flags_mask.isra.0 > | | > | --1.15%--free_frozen_page_commit > | > --0.69%--el0t_64_sync > > After: > > 23.57% 0.00% cma [kernel.kallsyms] [.] free_contig_frozen_range > | > ---free_contig_frozen_range > | > |--20.45%--__free_contig_frozen_range > | | > | |--17.77%--free_pages_prepare > | | > | --0.72%--free_prepared_contig_range > | | > | --0.55%--__free_frozen_pages > | > --3.12%--free_pages_prepare > > Suggested-by: Zi Yan > Signed-off-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum > --- Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) -- Cheers, David